0001366868-25-000033 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

Preferred stock, balance, ending (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022

(256,915)

149

Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022

314,771

$ 0

$ 12

^[1]

2,345,781

9,242

(2,040,264)

Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022

^[1]

120,738

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Net issuance of restricted stock awards and employee stock options and recognition of stock-based compensation (in shares)

^[1]

618

Net issuance of restricted stock awards and employee stock options and recognition of stock-based compensation

19,287

Contribution of services

188

Issuance and recognition of employee stock-based compensation (in shares)

^[1]

Issuance and recognition of employee stock-based compensation

1,270

Series A Preferred Dividends

(11,942)

Fair value of Warrants issued in connection with the Updated Services Agreements

8,864

Issuance of the warrant to Thermo for its guarantee associated with the 2023 Funding Agreement

5,010

Issuance of stock in connection with XCOM License Agreement (in shares)

^[1]

3,998

Issuance of stock in connection with XCOM License Agreement

70,421

$ 1

^[1]

70,420

Other comprehensive income (loss)

(4,172)

Preferred stock, balance, ending (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023

(24,718)

149

Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023

378,979

$ 0

$ 13

^[1]

2,438,878

5,070

(2,064,982)

Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023

^[1]

125,413

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Net issuance of restricted stock awards and employee stock options and recognition of stock-based compensation (in shares)

^[1]

436

Net issuance of restricted stock awards and employee stock options and recognition of stock-based compensation

36,643

Contribution of services

157

Issuance and recognition of employee stock-based compensation (in shares)

^[1]

Issuance and recognition of employee stock-based compensation

1,368

Series A Preferred Dividends

(10,634)

Issuance of stock in connection with XCOM License Agreement (in shares)

^[1]

510

Issuance of stock in connection with XCOM License Agreement

7,501

Other

(349)

Other comprehensive income (loss)

8,382

Preferred stock, balance, ending (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024

(63,164)

149

Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024

$ 358,883

$ 0

$ 13

^[1]

$ 2,473,564

$ 13,452

$ (2,128,146)

Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024

^[1]

126,425

[1]	The number of shares have been restated to reflect the 1:15 reverse stock split effectuated on February 10, 2025. All historical share and per share amounts reflected in this Report have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 17: Common Stock.

Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	12 Months Ended
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted	true

Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares
Current Debt Repayment
Fair Value Measurements [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fair value	$ 331,200
Issuance of embedded derivatives	109,601	$ 0
2023 Funding Agreement
Fair Value Measurements [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fair value			$ 37,200
Issuance of embedded derivatives	0	$ (292)
2023 Funding Agreement \| Discount rate
Fair Value Measurements [Line Items]
Derivative liability, measurement input \| $ / shares			0.0646
Current Debt Repayment
Fair Value Measurements [Line Items]
Issuance of embedded derivatives	$ 109,600
Current Debt Repayment \| Discount rate \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurements [Line Items]
Derivative liability, measurement input	0.0728
Current Debt Repayment \| Discount rate \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurements [Line Items]
Derivative liability, measurement input	0.0758

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company follows the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements relating to financial and non-financial assets and liabilities, including presentation of required disclosures herein. This guidance establishes a fair value framework requiring the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets and liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company marks-to-market its derivatives at each reporting date, or more frequently as deemed necessary, with the changes in fair value recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. See Note 8: Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Embedded Derivative within the Current Debt Repayment

The embedded derivative relating to the Current Debt Repayment is valued using a discounted cash flow model. The most significant observable input used in the fair value measurement was the discount yield, which was 7.28% and 7.58% at issuance and December 31, 2024, respectively. As the discount yield used in the valuation process increases, the fair value of the embedded derivative decreases

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement included estimated timing of completing certain project milestones associated with the interest fee reduction mechanism. As the probability of reaching the relevant milestones decreases, the fair value of the embedded derivative would also decrease.

Embedded Derivatives within the 2023 Funding Agreement

Prior to October 2024, the embedded derivatives within the 2023 Funding Agreement were valued using a discounted cash flow model. The most significant observable input used in the fair value measurement was the discount yield. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement included estimated timing and amounts of cash flows associated with the prepayment features within the debt agreement. As projected cash flows increased, the fair value of the embedded derivative increased.

As a result of the amendment of the 2023 Funding Agreement in October 2024, this prepayment feature was removed and consequently the embedded derivative was eliminated.

Rollforward of Recurring Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents a rollforward for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Balances at beginning of period	$	1,295	$	(122)
Issuance of embedded derivatives within the Current Debt Repayment	109,601		—
Issuance of embedded derivatives within the 2023 Funding Agreement	—		(292)
Derivative adjustment related to extinguishment of debt	—		122
Unrealized gain (loss), included in other	(2,097)		1,587
Balances at end of period	$	108,799	$	1,295

Fair Value of Debt Instruments and Other Financing Arrangements

The Company believes it is not practicable to determine the fair value of its debt agreements on a recurring basis without incurring significant additional costs. Unlike typical long-term debt, certain terms for these instruments cannot readily be compared to other debt instruments and their valuation generally involve a variety of factors, including due diligence by the debt holders.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows the authoritative guidance regarding non-financial assets and liabilities that are remeasured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

Current Debt Repayment

As previously discussed, the Company received the Current Debt Repayment in October 2024. Significant quantitative Level 3 inputs were utilized in the valuation model as of the issuance date in November 2024 for both the fair value of the debt as well as the fair value of the embedded derivative.

At issuance, the fair value of the Current Debt Repayment was $331.2 million and the fair value of the embedded derivative within the Current Debt Repayment was $109.6 million. The fair value of the derivative was calculated using projected future cash flows discounted using the prevailing market rate of interest and discount yield. The cash flows were calculated based on the estimated timing of completing certain project milestones associated with the fee reduction mechanism.

2023 Funding Agreement

The Company's February 2024 draw on the 2023 Funding Agreement had a fair value of $37.2 million and was calculated using projected future cash flows discounted using the prevailing market rate of interest for a similar transaction. The discount yield used for this calculation was 6.46%.

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 107
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 100
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 940
-SubTopic 820
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1

Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Finance lease, interest expense (less than)	$ 0.1	$ 0.1	$ 0.1
Operating cash flows from finance leases (less than)	$ 0.1	$ 0.1	$ 0.1

Loss Per Share - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Dec. 31, 2023

Dec. 31, 2022

Numerator:

Adjusted net loss attributable to common shareholders

$ (63,164)

$ (24,718)

$ (256,915)

$ (73,798)

$ (35,323)

$ (258,252)

Denominator:

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic (in shares)

^[1]

125,877

122,334

120,055

Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted (in shares)

^[1]

125,877

122,334

120,055

Net loss per common share:

Basic (in dollars per share)

^[1]

$ (0.59)

$ (0.29)

$ (2.15)

Diluted (in dollars per share)

^[1]

$ (0.59)

$ (0.29)

$ (2.15)

Series A Perpetual Preferred Stock

Numerator:

Effect of Series A Preferred Stock dividends

$ (10,634)

$ (10,605)

$ (1,337)

[1]	The number of shares have been restated to reflect the 1:15 reverse stock split effectuated on February 10, 2025. All historical share and per share amounts reflected in this Report have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 17: Common Stock.

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Dec. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Taxes - Schedule of U.S. and Foreign Components of Income (Loss) Before Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S. loss	$ (46,851)	$ (30,086)	$ (232,148)
Foreign income (loss)	(14,178)	6,491	(24,694)
Loss before income taxes	$ (61,029)	$ (23,595)	$ (256,842)

Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 48
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 270
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (ee)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(11))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1

Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2

Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	Feb. 28, 2025 USD ($) satellite	Feb. 28, 2022 USD ($) satellite	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Payments to acquire other property, plant, and equipment			$ 6,823	$ 6,907	$ 7,076
Capital expenditure reimbursement, percentage		95.00%
Inventories
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase obligation			4,700
Satellite and Ground Components
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase obligation			$ 290,000
Macdonald, Dettwiler and Associates
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Construction in progress assets acquired through XCOM SSA		$ 5,000
Payments to acquire other property, plant, and equipment		4,200
Satellites
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase obligation		$ 329,300
Satellites \| Subsequent event
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase obligation	$ 775,000
Minimum
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Number of satellites acquired \| satellite		17
Minimum \| Subsequent event
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Number of satellites acquired \| satellite	50
Maximum
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Number of satellites acquired \| satellite		26

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule Inventory Balance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Finished goods	$ 7,254	$ 11,120
Raw materials	3,785	3,548
Inventory reserve	(298)	(86)
Total	$ 10,741	$ 14,582

Long-term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended				12 Months Ended			23 Months Ended
	Nov. 05, 2024	Nov. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Nov. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024	Feb. 28, 2024	Nov. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Feb. 28, 2023	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment received	$ 235,000					$ 278,000			$ 278,000
Repayment period	8 years
Principal amount						417,475	$ 398,661		$ 417,475
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt						(14,008)	(10,194)	$ 2,790
Interest						15,666	13,512	0
Payments of dividends						10,634	$ 11,942	$ 0
Current Debt Repayment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Issuance of embedded derivatives						$ 109,600
Series A Perpetual Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)					149,425	149,425	149,425		149,425
Preferred stock, dividend rate, percentage					7.00%	7.00%
Preferred stock, liquidation preference (in USD per share)					$ 1,000
Preferred stock					$ 105,300	$ 0	$ 0		$ 0
Payments of dividends							$ 10,600
2023 13% Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loan interest rate						13.00%	13.00%		13.00%					13.00%
Principal amount						$ 0	$ 205,958		$ 0					$ 200,000
Interest rate agreed upon, payable in cash														6.50%
Interest rate agreed upon, payable in-kind														6.50%
Interest expense, debt			$ 13,800	$ 13,400
Interest			6,900	6,700
Paid-in-kind interest			$ 6,900	$ 6,700
Current Debt Repayment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fair value						331,200			331,200
Issuance of embedded derivatives						109,601	0
Principal amount						221,625	0		221,625
2023 Funding Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fair value										$ 37,200
Issuance of embedded derivatives						0	(292)
Partnership agreement, prepayment receivable							$ 252,000
Debt instrument, percentage funded by partner							50.00%
Proceeds from 2023 Funding Agreement						$ 37,700			155,000
Partnership agreement, repayment period						4 years
Partnership agreement, minimum liquidity requirement															$ 30,000
Principal amount						$ 155,000	$ 117,253		155,000		$ 37,747	$ 29,523	$ 87,730
Principal amount repaid		$ 219,600
Accrued interest		4,100
Make-whole fees		13,300
Principal and accrued interest amount		223,700
Debt instrument, periodic payment, principal		21,600
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt		$ (27,400)
2021 Funding Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount						40,850	$ 75,450		$ 40,850							$ 94,200
Reduction of debt amount						$ 34,600

Property and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - Property, Plant and Equipment $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Satellite Procurement Agreement
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Other commitment	$ 224.3
Launch Services Agreement
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Other commitment	23.6
Extended MSS Network Agreement
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Other commitment	$ 17.3

Leases- Components of Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating leases:
Right-of-use asset, net	$ 31,835	$ 34,164
Short-term lease liability (recorded in accrued expenses)	$ 4,251	$ 3,004
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Accounts payable and accrued expenses	Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Long-term lease liability	$ 26,256	$ 29,244
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 30,507	$ 32,248

Leases - Maturity Analysis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases
2025	$ 6,696
2026	6,214
2027	5,645
2028	5,577
2029	3,856
Thereafter	15,217
Total lease payments	43,205
Imputed interest	(12,698)
Discounted lease liability	30,507	$ 32,248
Finance Leases
2025	39
2026	39
2027	32
2028	17
2029	1
Thereafter	0
Total lease payments	128
Imputed interest	(18)
Discounted lease liability	$ 110
Finance Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other non-current liabilities

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023
2023 13% Notes
Loan interest rate	13.00%	13.00%	13.00%

Property and Equipment - Capitalized Interest and Depreciation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Interest Costs Incurred [Abstract]
Interest costs eligible to be capitalized	$ 46,527	$ 39,143	$ 45,609
Interest costs recorded in interest income (expense), net	(14,388)	(15,271)	(29,836)
Net interest capitalized	32,139	23,872	15,773
Depreciation Expense	87,917	87,213	85,475
Amortization Expense	$ 1,068	$ 978	$ 8,409

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Updated Services Agreements The Updated Services Agreements set forth the primary terms for the Company to provide expanded services to the Customer and incur costs related to the Extended MSS Network, which is primarily the construction of new gateways and upgrade of existing gateways as well as new satellite construction and launch services. These agreements have an indefinite term but provide that either party may terminate subject to certain notice requirements and, in some cases, other conditions. These agreements also provide for various commitments with which the Company must comply. Satellite Procurement Agreement The Company has a satellite procurement agreement with MDA pursuant to which the Company will acquire at least 17 satellites (and up to 26 satellites) with an amended contract price of $329.3 million for the initial 17 satellites, with delivery expected to occur in 2025. In addition, MDA will procure a satellite operations control center for $5.0 million as well as other equipment for $4.2 million. In February 2025, the Company entered into another agreement with MDA pursuant to which the Company will acquire more than 50 satellites related to the Extended MSS Network. The total contract price for these satellites is $775.0 million. Launch Services Agreement As more fully described in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on August 31, 2023, Globalstar entered into a Launch Services Agreement with SpaceX and certain related ancillary agreements (the “Launch Services Agreements”), providing for the launch of the first set of the satellites the Company is acquiring pursuant to the satellite procurement agreement with MDA. The Launch Services Agreements provide a launch window from April to September 2025. In October 2024, the Company entered into another agreement with SpaceX for the launch of satellites pursuant to the Extended MSS Network. Funding for Phase 2 Service Period Asset Procurement Under the Service Agreements, subject to certain terms and conditions, the Company expects to receive payments equal to 95% of the approved capital expenditures under the satellite procurement agreement for the HIBLEO-4 satellites and Launch Services Agreements for such satellites (to be paid on a straight-line basis over the design life of the satellites) beginning with the commencement of the Phase 2 Service Period. The Phase 2 Service Period is expected to begin when the new satellites are successfully utilized to provide Services. Funding for Extended MSS Network Asset Procurement As discussed in more detail in Note 2: Special Purpose Entity, the Updated Services Agreements provide for prepayments from the Customer for approved capital expenditures associated with the Extended MSS Network. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has outstanding purchase orders for this project totaling $290 million to vendors for various satellite and ground components of the Extended MSS Network, which are expected to be paid with funds from the Infrastructure Prepayment and sale of the Customer Class B Units. These costs will continue until the construction period is complete and the commencement of Services provided over the Extended MSS Network. Inventory Purchase Commitments The Company has inventory purchase commitments with its third party product manufacturers in the normal course of business. These commitments are generally noncancellable and the order quantities are based on sales forecasts. The Company estimates that its open inventory purchase commitments as of December 31, 2024 were approximately $4.7 million. Litigation Due to the nature of the Company's business, the Company is involved, from time to time, in various litigation matters or subject to disputes or routine claims regarding its business activities. Legal costs related to these matters are expensed as incurred. In management's opinion, there is no pending litigation, dispute or claim, which could be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

Consolidated Statements Of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (63,164)	$ (24,718)	$ (256,915)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Defined benefit pension plan liability adjustment	0	0	2,073
Net foreign currency translation adjustment	8,382	(4,172)	5,279
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	8,382	(4,172)	7,352
Total comprehensive loss	$ (54,782)	$ (28,890)	$ (249,563)

Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 60
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 323
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2

Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 830
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-10

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 60B
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B

Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 205
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7

Reference 34: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 230
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 28
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28

Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A

Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B

Reference 37: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1

Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]
Expense for uncertain tax positions	$ 1,000
Long-term tax receivables	4,500
Uncertain tax position liabilities	2,300
Long-term uncertain tax position liabilities	1,500
Net operating loss carryforwards	1,800,000	$ 1,900,000
Valuation allowance decrease	(16,300)
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Net	711	329
Unrecognized tax benefits, income tax penalties and interest accrued	1,200
Undistributed earnings of the Company's foreign subsidiaries	5,300
Value added tax receivable, current	2,500	2,200
Value added tax receivable, noncurrent	$ 1,800	$ 2,300
Prior to 2026
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards, percent expiring (less than)	1.00%

Loss Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Loss Per Share

14. LOSS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per common share for the periods indicated (in thousands). The number of shares have been restated to reflect the 1:15 reverse stock split effectuated on February 10, 2025. All historical share and per share amounts reflected in this Report have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 17: Common Stock for further discussion.



	Year ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(63,164)	$	(24,718)	$	(256,915)
Effect of Series A Preferred Stock dividends	(10,634)		(10,605)		(1,337)
Adjusted net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(73,798)	$	(35,323)	$	(258,252)

Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	125,877		122,334		120,055

Net loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.59)	$	(0.29)	$	(2.15)
Diluted	$	(0.59)	$	(0.29)	$	(2.15)

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, 1.3 million shares, 1.3 million shares and 0.5 million shares, respectively, of potential common stock were excluded from diluted shares outstanding because the effects of such securities would be anti-dilutive. Included in these shares for all periods presented is a portion of the 3.3 million shares (49.1 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) that may be purchased by the Customer pursuant to the warrants issued under the Updated Services Agreements in 2022 based on the treasury stock method. During 2023, the right to purchase 0.3 million shares of common stock vested pursuant to the warrant (5.0 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) issued to Thermo for its guarantee of the 2023 Funding Agreement; none of these shares are included in the potentially dilutive securities for the applicable periods presented due to the exercise price relative to the average market price of Globalstar common stock during the periods. Also excluded from the amounts above are 0.3 million shares (5.0 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) that may be purchased by Thermo pursuant to the warrant issued in connection with its guarantee of the 2023 Funding Agreement; the right to purchase these shares vests only if Thermo advances aggregate funds of $25.0 million or more to the Company or a permitted third party pursuant to the terms of Thermo's guarantee.

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)
shares in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Dec. 31, 2023

Dec. 31, 2022

Revenue:

Cost of subscriber equipment sales - reduction in the value of inventory

$ 250,349,000

$ 223,808,000

$ 148,504,000

Operating expenses:

327,000

8,553,000

Marketing, general and administrative

43,434,000

43,458,000

33,349,000

Stock-based compensation

35,548,000

22,489,000

10,754,000

Reduction in the value of long-lived assets

556,000

363,000

166,526,000

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

88,986,000

88,191,000

93,884,000

Total operating expenses

251,298,000

223,973,000

369,533,000

Loss from operations

(949,000)

(165,000)

(221,029,000)

Other (expense) income:

(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt

(27,378,000)

(10,403,000)

2,790,000

Loss on equity issuance

(5,010,000)

Interest income and expense, net of amounts capitalized

(13,562,000)

(14,609,000)

(30,168,000)

Foreign currency (loss) gain

(16,609,000)

4,862,000

(6,592,000)

Other

(2,531,000)

1,730,000

(1,843,000)

Total other expense

(60,080,000)

(23,430,000)

(35,813,000)

Loss before income taxes

(61,029,000)

(23,595,000)

(256,842,000)

Income tax expense

2,135,000

1,123,000

73,000

Net loss attributable to common shareholders (Note 14)

(63,164,000)

(24,718,000)

(256,915,000)

$ (73,798,000)

$ (35,323,000)

$ (258,252,000)

Net loss per common share:

Basic (in dollars per share)

^[1]

$ (0.59)

$ (0.29)

$ (2.15)

Diluted (in dollars per share)

^[1]

$ (0.59)

$ (0.29)

$ (2.15)

Weighted-average shares outstanding:

Basic (in shares)

^[1]

125,877

122,334

120,055

Diluted (in shares)

^[1]

125,877

122,334

120,055

Service revenue

Revenue:

Cost of goods and services

$ 237,689,000

$ 204,196,000

$ 132,068,000

Operating expenses:

73,160,000

53,499,000

43,370,000

Subscriber equipment sales

Revenue:

Cost of goods and services

12,660,000

19,612,000

16,436,000

Operating expenses:

$ 9,287,000

$ 15,973,000

$ 13,097,000

[1]	The number of shares have been restated to reflect the 1:15 reverse stock split effectuated on February 10, 2025. All historical share and per share amounts reflected in this Report have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 17: Common Stock.

Intangible and Other Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible and Other Assets

6. INTANGIBLE AND OTHER ASSETS

Intangible Assets

The Company has intangible assets not subject to amortization, which include certain costs to obtain or defend regulatory authorizations. These costs include primarily efforts related to the enhancement of the Company's licensed MSS spectrum to provide terrestrial wireless services as well as costs with international regulatory agencies to obtain similar terrestrial authorizations outside of the United States. The Company also has intangible assets subject to amortization, which primarily include developed technology and definite lived MSS licenses.

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company's intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization	$	17,070	$	—	$	17,070	$	16,929	$	—	$	16,929

Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Developed technology	$	35,798	$	(5,552)	$	30,246	$	12,170	$	(8,235)	$	3,935
Regulatory authorizations	9,384		(2,073)		7,311		5,370		(1,850)		3,520
Intellectual property assets in progress	7,406		—		7,406		25,980		—		25,980
Other intangible assets in progress	23,172		—		23,172		10,289		—		10,289
	$	75,760	$	(7,625)	$	68,135	$	53,809	$	(10,085)	$	43,724

Total	$	92,830	$	(7,625)	$	85,205	$	70,738	$	(10,085)	$	60,653

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded amortization expense on these intangible assets of $3.6 million. Amortization expense is recorded in operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. During 2024, additions to intangible assets included primarily efforts associated with the development of XCOM technology as

well as efforts to obtain regulatory authorizations for Globalstar and licensing work associated with the Globalstar SPE. During 2024, the Company wrote off certain of its fully amortized assets, which reduced the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization reflected in the table above.

Excluding the effects of any acquisitions, dispositions or write-downs subsequent to December 31, 2024, total estimated annual amortization of intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):


2025	$	4,614
2026	4,565
2027	4,500
2028	3,995
2029	3,744
Thereafter	16,139
Total	$	37,557

Goodwill

As of December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of goodwill was $30.6 million and is associated with the Company's only operating segment, its MSS business. Goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. This goodwill was recorded during 2023 in connection with entering into the intellectual property license agreement with XCOM Labs, Inc. and represented the excess of the purchase price of the net identifiable assets acquired. The Company's annual goodwill impairment test during 2024 indicated that it was more likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the carrying value of goodwill.

Other Assets

Other assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Costs to obtain and fulfill a contract (Note 1)	$	6,271	$	6,886
Long-term accounts receivable	3,517		5,094
International tax receivables (Note 13)	6,666		2,791
Other long-term assets	3,774		3,703
Total other assets	$	20,228	$	18,474

Long-term accounts receivable represents an unconditional right to consideration for equipment delivered to one customer that will be billed over the next five years; the long-term portion represents the amount that will be billed beyond the next twelve months. Other long-term assets include primarily ERP implementation costs, recoverable tariffs and long-term deposits.

Leases - Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term and Discount Rate (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Weighted-average lease term, Finance leases	3 years 4 months 24 days	3 years 8 months 12 days
Weighted-average lease term, Operating leases	8 years 3 months 18 days	9 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate, Finance leases	9.50%	10.20%
Weighted-average discount rate, Operating leases	8.70%	8.60%

Property and Equipment - Geographic Location of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 673,632	$ 624,002
North America
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	636,816	581,535
Central and South America
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	13,629	16,122
Africa
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	10,736	12,379
Asia Pacific
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	10,468	11,411
Europe
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 1,983	$ 2,555

Loss Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of reconciliation of basic weighted average share to diluted weighted average common shares outstanding



	Year ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(63,164)	$	(24,718)	$	(256,915)
Effect of Series A Preferred Stock dividends	(10,634)		(10,605)		(1,337)
Adjusted net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(73,798)	$	(35,323)	$	(258,252)

Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	125,877		122,334		120,055

Net loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.59)	$	(0.29)	$	(2.15)
Diluted	$	(0.59)	$	(0.29)	$	(2.15)

Intangible and Other Assets - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) customer
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	$ 3.6
Goodwill	$ 30.6
Number of customers \| customer	1
Billing period	5 years

Amount, after accumulated impairment loss, of asset representing future economic benefit arising from other asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, that is not individually identified and separately recognized.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 49
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-49

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 24
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482548/350-20-55-24

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 100
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482598/350-20-45-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Schedule of weighted average grant date fair value of restricted stock

The table below summarizes the weighted average grant date fair value of restricted stock for the indicated periods:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	24.11	$	20.40	$	25.95

Schedule of non vested restricted stock activity

The following is a rollforward of the activity in restricted stock for the year ended December 31, 2024:


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2024	589,072	$	23.39
Granted	400,352	24.11
Vested	(504,737)	22.77
Forfeited	(46,586)	21.46
Nonvested at December 31, 2024	438,101	$	24.96

Schedule of fair value measurement inputs

The Monte Carlo simulation was computed using the following assumptions:


	Risk-Free Interest Rate		Stock Price Volatility		Market Price of Common Stock
Fair Value of RSUs	4.04	%	65.00	%	$	15.90

Cover - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
Cover - USD ($) $ in Billions	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 21, 2025	Jun. 28, 2024
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-33117
Entity Registrant Name	GLOBALSTAR, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	41-2116508
Entity Address, Address Line One	1351 Holiday Square Blvd.
Entity Address, City or Town	Covington
Entity Address, State or Province	LA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	70433
City Area Code	985
Local Phone Number	335-1500
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	GSAT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 0.8
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the Registrant's Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Report.
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus (Q1,Q2,Q3,FY)	FY
Entity Central Index Key	0001366868
Voting Common Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		126,442,716
Preferred Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		149,425

Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Taxes

13. TAXES

The components of income tax expense (benefit) were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Current:
Federal tax	$	—	$	—	$	—
State tax	60		240		82
Foreign tax	1,693		850		(9)
Total	1,753		1,090		73
Deferred:
Federal and state tax	316		33		—
Foreign tax	66		—		—
Total	382		33		—
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	2,135	$	1,123	$	73

U.S. and foreign components of income (loss) before income taxes are presented below (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
U.S. loss	$	(46,851)	$	(30,086)	$	(232,148)
Foreign income (loss)	(14,178)		6,491		(24,694)
Total loss before income taxes	$	(61,029)	$	(23,595)	$	(256,842)

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had cumulative U.S., state and foreign net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards for income tax reporting purposes of approximately $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively. The vast majority of these NOL carryforwards were generated prior to 2018 and expire through 2041 (with less than 1% expiring prior to 2028) and the remaining NOL carryforwards do not expire.

The components of net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Deferred tax assets
Operating loss and credit carryforwards	$	436,670	$	464,522
Deferred revenue	17,242		28,147
Accruals and reserves	1,721		1,298
Stock-based compensation expense	3,502		2,760
Lease liabilities	5,408		3,588
Interest and interest carryforwards	4,972		1,363
Other deferred tax assets	1,064		—
Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	470,579		501,678
Valuation allowance	(421,883)		(438,142)
Total deferred tax assets	48,696		63,536
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment	(42,913)		(62,373)
Right-of-use assets	(5,768)		(754)
Intangibles	(606)		(738)
Other deferred tax liabilities	(120)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities	(49,407)		(63,865)
Deferred income tax liability	$	(711)	$	(329)

The deferred revenue tax asset in the table above is related to a portion of the prepayments made under the Updated Services Agreements (see Note 3: Revenue to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion). In an effort to provide additional detail and transparency of the deferred tax assets and liabilities, the Company reclassified certain deferred items for the prior period.

The change in the valuation allowance during 2024 of $16.3 million was due primarily to uncertain tax positions, which reduced deferred tax assets related to NOL carryforwards, the current year NOL utilization, and changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company recorded deferred tax liabilities of $0.7 million as of December 31, 2024 and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2023 related to the limitation on utilization of state NOLs and federal deferred tax assets surrounding the Company’s indefinite lived intangible assets.

The actual provision for income taxes differs from the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Provision at U.S. statutory rate of 21%	$	(12,816)	$	(4,967)	$	(53,951)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	(1,142)		(771)		(4,065)
Change in valuation allowance	(9,740)		(969)		43,500
Effect of foreign income tax at various rates	185		(131)		(133)
Permanent differences	2,408		5,923		8,229
Net change in permanent items due to provision to tax return	(13)		(731)		1,855
Adjustment to reserved deferred assets	6,204		2,104		4,607
Adjustment to state deferred rate	4,049		170		136
Withholding tax	421		502		—
Uncertain tax positions	12,527		—		—
Other	52		(7)		(105)
Total	$	2,135	$	1,123	$	73

Uncertain Income Tax Positions

The Company is subject to income taxes in U.S. and foreign jurisdictions and it may recognize uncertain income tax positions if it is more likely than not that the position would be sustained by the relevant taxing authority. The Company will recognize interest and penalties related to tax positions in income tax expense.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s beginning and ending balances of unrecognized tax benefits for the periods indicated (in thousands):


Gross unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2024	$	—
Increases related to tax positions of prior years	14,067
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024	$	14,067

The table above does not include accrued interest and penalties of $1.2 million as of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no unrecognized uncertain income tax positions. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate is zero for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Further discussion is below regarding the Company's uncertain income tax positions associated with the Company's Canadian subsidiary.

Tax Audits

The Company operates in various U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions. The process of determining its anticipated tax liabilities involves many calculations and estimates which are inherently complex. The Company believes that it has complied in all material respects with its obligations to pay taxes in these jurisdictions. However, its position is subject to review and possible challenge by the taxing authorities of these jurisdictions. If the applicable taxing authorities were to challenge successfully its current tax positions, or if there were changes in the manner in which the Company conducts its activities, the Company could become subject to material unanticipated tax liabilities. It may also become subject to additional tax liabilities as a result of changes in tax laws, which could in certain circumstances have a retroactive effect.

The Company nor any of its subsidiaries are currently under audit by the IRS. The Company's corporate U.S. tax returns for 2021 and subsequent years remain subject to examination by tax authorities. The Company is currently under income tax audits in various U.S. states. State income tax returns are generally subject to examination for a period of three to five years after filing of the respective return. The state impact of any federal changes remains subject to examination by various states for a period of up to one year after formal notification to the states.

In the Company's international tax jurisdictions, numerous tax years remain subject to examination by tax authorities, including tax returns for 2015 and subsequent years in most of the Company's international tax jurisdictions.

Canadian Tax Audits

The Canada Revenue Agency ("CRA") is conducting audits of the Company's Canadian subsidiary for several tax years. The Company is working with the Canada Revenue Agency ("CRA") to complete the audits. The CRA has completed its audit for the tax years 2016 through 2018 and assessed the Company for additional tax liabilities and audit adjustments, which the Company is appealing. The tax years 2019 through 2022 remain under examination.

The Company's NOL carryforwards for income tax reporting purposes in Canada would largely offset the expected final income tax settlement after appeal. Additionally, withholding tax, penalties and interest have been and are expected to be assessed for audit periods under examination. The Company expects that any assessed withholding tax and penalties will be refunded at the end of the audit process; however, interest assessed on the withholding tax is not recoverable.

As a result of these audits, during 2024, the Company recorded $1.0 million of expense for uncertain tax positions associated with interest on withholding tax. As of December 31, 2024, the Company recorded $4.5 million in long-term tax receivables, $2.3 million in current uncertain tax position liabilities and $1.5 million in long-term uncertain tax position liabilities on its consolidated balance sheet associated with potential taxes, penalties and interest.

Other

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had not provided foreign withholding taxes on approximately $5.3 million of undistributed earnings from certain foreign subsidiaries indefinitely invested outside the U.S.

In January 2018, the FASB released guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") provisions of the Tax Act. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The Company elected to account for GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred and therefore has not provided any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in its consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded a value added tax ("VAT") recoverable, of which the short term portion is included in prepaid and other current assets on its consolidated balance sheet totaling $2.5 million and $2.2 million, respectively, and the long-term portion is included in intangible and other assets, net, on its consolidated balance sheet totaling $1.8 million and $2.3 million, respectively. This VAT recoverable is related primarily to certain payments for the purchase and importation of gateway equipment in various international jurisdictions in connection with the Company's network upgrade work.

The entire disclosure for income tax.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12C
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12C

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12B

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477891/740-270-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.5.Q1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/740/tableOfContent

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-21

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-17

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

Schedule of long-term debt

Long-term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):


	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Principal Amount		Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs		Carrying Value		Principal Amount		Unamortized Discount and Deferred Financing Costs		Carrying Value
Current Debt Repayment	$	221,625	$	107,176	$	328,801	$	—	$	—	$	—
2023 Funding Agreement	155,000		(11,031)		143,969		117,253		(15,433)		101,820
2021 Funding Agreement	40,850		(2,198)		38,652		75,450		(6,888)		68,562
2023 13% Notes	—		—		—		205,958		(16,040)		189,918
Total debt	417,475		93,947		511,422		398,661		(38,361)		360,300
Less: current portion	34,600		—		34,600		34,600		—		34,600
Long-term debt	$	382,875	$	93,947	$	476,822	$	364,061	$	(38,361)	$	325,700

The table below outlines the components of the draws made under the 2023 Funding Agreement at funding (amounts in thousands):


	April 2023		November 2023		February 2024
Principal	$	87,730	$	29,523	$	37,747
Debt Discount - Thermo Guarantee	(6,897)		(1,967)		—
Debt Discount - Customer Relationship	(4,509)		(3,290)		(572)
Debt (Discount) Premium - Embedded Derivative	(341)		49		—
Fair Value at Issuance	$	75,983	$	24,315	$	37,175

Schedule of maturities of long-term debt

Annual debt maturities for each of the five years following December 31, 2024 and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):


2025	$	34,600
2026	19,790
2027	57,176
2028	77,953
2029	68,663
Thereafter	159,293
Total	$	417,475

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))
-SubTopic 10
-Topic 210
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69B

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69E

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-3

Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 470
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477734/942-470-50-3

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-8

Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-6

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-7

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$ 6,388	$ 5,853	$ 5,299

Special Purpose Entity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Nov. 05, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Non-current liability		$ 418,620	$ 11,265
Prepayment funds	$ 1,100,000
Prepayment received	235,000	$ 278,000
Services agreement, annual service fee	$ 30,000
Globalstar SPE
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest	80.00%
Ownership presented (in shares)	1,600,000
Non-current liability	$ 400,000
Variable interest entity, contribution amount, paid-in-kind	224,000
Cash contributions	176,000
Variable interest entity, contribution amount, paid-in-kind, long-lived assets	177,000
Variable interest entity, contribution amount, paid-in-kind, satellite construction in progress	24,000
Variable interest entity, contribution amount, paid-in-kind, ground network construction in progress	11,000
Variable interest entity, contribution amount, paid-in-kind, intangible licensing work in progress	$ 12,000
Apple, Inc \| Globalstar SPE
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest	20.00%
2023 13% Notes
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Debt instrument, interest rate		13.00%	13.00%	13.00%
Customer Class B unit \| Globalstar SPE
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Units representing equity interest (in shares)	400,000
Equity interest	$ 400,000

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss	$ (63,164)	$ (24,718)	$ (256,915)

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Schedule of revenue disaggregated by product and services

The following table discloses revenue disaggregated by type of product and service (amounts in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Service revenue:
Wholesale capacity services	$	145,299	$	109,067	$	34,913
Subscriber services
Commercial IoT	26,245		22,867		19,516
SPOT	41,140		44,184		45,670
Duplex	20,156		25,932		29,222
Government and other services	4,849		2,146		2,747
Total service revenue	237,689		204,196		132,068





Total subscriber equipment sales	12,660		19,612		16,436

Total revenue	$	250,349	$	223,808	$	148,504

The following table discloses revenue disaggregated by geographical market (amounts in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Service revenue:
United States	$	206,402	$	170,621	$	99,735
Canada	12,873		16,058		17,421
Europe	6,529		6,856		6,428
Central and South America	11,329		9,978		7,961
Others	556		683		523
Total service revenue	237,689		204,196		132,068

Subscriber equipment sales:
United States	$	6,654	$	8,599	$	7,981
Canada	1,077		5,153		4,740
Europe	3,292		2,985		1,870
Central and South America	1,633		2,863		1,793
Others	4		12		52
Total subscriber equipment sales	12,660		19,612		16,436

Total revenue	$	250,349	$	223,808	$	148,504

Schedule of accounts receivable and contract liabilities

The Company's receivable balances by type and classification are presented in the table below net of allowance for credit losses and may include amounts related to earned but unbilled receivables (amounts in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses
Subscriber and other accounts receivable	$	14,829	$	14,474
Wholesale capacity accounts receivable	12,123		34,269
Total accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses	$	26,952	$	48,743

The Company's contract liabilities by type and classification are presented in the table below (amounts in thousands).


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Short-term contract liabilities
Subscriber and other contract liabilities	$	19,710	$	22,816
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net of contract asset	41,491		30,861
Total short-term contract liabilities	$	61,201	$	53,677
Long-term contract liabilities
Subscriber and other contract liabilities	$	1,431	$	1,632
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net of contract asset	286,740		1,581
Total long-term contract liabilities	$	288,171	$	3,213
Total contract liabilities	$	349,372	$	56,890

The components of wholesale capacity contract liabilities are presented in the table below (amounts in thousands).


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net:
Additional consideration associated with the 2021 and 2023 Funding Agreements (1)	$	12,247	$	16,104
Advanced payments for services expected to be performed with the ground spare satellite launched in June 2022	21,914		23,673
Advanced payments contractually owed for services expected to be performed with the next-generation satellite constellation prior to the Phase 2 Service Period	8,950		14,204
Advanced payments for the Phase 1 Service Period fee, service-related operating expenses and capital expenditures and other services	27,664		19,907
Advance payments made for the Extended MSS Network (See Note 2: Special Purpose Entity)	278,043		—
Additional consideration associated with the Updated Services Agreements (2)	7,288		—
Other advanced payments associated with future performance obligations	15,795		5,219
Contract asset (3)	(43,670)		(46,665)
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net	$	328,231	$	32,442

(1)Includes additional consideration associated with the below-market interest rates within the 2021 and 2023 Funding Agreements. This consideration will be recognized over the estimated Phase 1 and Phase 2 Service Periods.

(2)Includes additional consideration totaling $4.4 million associated with the fee reduction mechanism embedded in the Current Debt Repayment and a portion of the 2024 Prepayment Agreement, as well as an estimate of the significant financing component totaling $2.9 million within these agreements. It is anticipated that this consideration will be recognized over the estimated term of the Current Debt Repayment and services provided over the Extended MSS Network.

(3)Primarily includes warrants with an initial fair value at the time of issuance of $48.3 million which was recorded in equity with an offset to a contract asset on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the warrants is recorded as a reduction to revenue over time.

Stock Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands				12 Months Ended
Stock Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Feb. 10, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Sep. 25, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total shares authorized for issuance (in shares)				51,700,000	20,600,000
Increase to Equity Plan reserve				37,600,000
Stock-based compensation \| $				$ 35,548	$ 22,489	$ 10,754
Accrued bonuses \| $				$ 2,700
Subsequent event
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Reverse stock split	0.066666666666667
Reverse Stock Split
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total shares authorized for issuance (in shares)				3,400,000	1,400,000
Increase to Equity Plan reserve				2,500,000
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Reverse stock split		0.04
Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				1 year
Stock-based compensation \| $				$ 11,600	$ 13,100	10,400
Fair value of restricted stock awards vested in period \| $				13,100	11,600	$ 14,600
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares \| $				$ 7,200
Unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period				1 year 4 months 24 days
Unites granted (in shares)				400,352
Award forfeited (in shares)				46,586
Award vested (in shares)				504,737
Restricted Stock \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				3 years
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation \| $				$ 23,400	$ 6,700
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares \| $				$ 10,000
Unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period				9 months 18 days
Unites granted (in shares)				62,900	3,000,000.0
Requisite service period			2 years 6 months	4 years
Fair value of award \| $			$ 600
Award forfeited (in shares)				0
Award vested (in shares)				0
Performance Based Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation \| $				$ 100
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares \| $				$ 1,400
Unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period				3 years 6 months
Unites granted (in shares)				94,300
Requisite service period				4 years
Award forfeited (in shares)				0
Award vested (in shares)				0
Estimated grant date fair value \| $				$ 1,500

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical)	Dec. 31, 2022
Convertible 8.00% Senior Notes Issued 2013
Debt instrument, interest rate	8.00%

Taxes - Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]
Beginning unrecognized tax benefits	$ 0
Increases related to tax positions of prior years	14,067
Ending unrecognized tax benefits	$ 14,067

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Allowance for Credit Losses

The following is a summary of the activity in the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	2,312	$	2,892	$	2,962
Provision, net of recoveries	(419)		519		1,087
Write-offs and other adjustments	(389)		(1,099)		(1,157)
Balance at end of period	$	1,504	$	2,312	$	2,892

Schedule of Inventory, Current

The following is a summary of the components of the Company's inventory balance (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Finished goods	$	7,254	$	11,120
Raw materials	3,785		3,548
Inventory reserve	(298)		(86)
Total	$	10,741	$	14,582

Long-term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements

7. LONG-TERM DEBT AND OTHER FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):


	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Principal Amount		Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs		Carrying Value		Principal Amount		Unamortized Discount and Deferred Financing Costs		Carrying Value
Current Debt Repayment	$	221,625	$	107,176	$	328,801	$	—	$	—	$	—
2023 Funding Agreement	155,000		(11,031)		143,969		117,253		(15,433)		101,820
2021 Funding Agreement	40,850		(2,198)		38,652		75,450		(6,888)		68,562
2023 13% Notes	—		—		—		205,958		(16,040)		189,918
Total debt	417,475		93,947		511,422		398,661		(38,361)		360,300
Less: current portion	34,600		—		34,600		34,600		—		34,600
Long-term debt	$	382,875	$	93,947	$	476,822	$	364,061	$	(38,361)	$	325,700

The principal amounts shown above included payment of in-kind interest for the 2023 13% Notes. The carrying value is net of deferred financing costs and any discounts to the loan amounts at issuance, including accretion. As of December 31, 2024, the current portion of long-term debt relates to the 2021 Funding Agreement and represents the amounts to be paid under the Updated Services Agreements (as previously defined) through fee offsets from the Customer during the next twelve months.

Current Debt Repayment

As discussed in Note 2: Special Purpose Entity, pursuant to the Updated Services Agreements, the Customer funded $235 million for the Company to retire its outstanding 2023 13% Notes. The Current Debt Repayment is expected to be recouped against amounts payable by the Customer to the Company on a quarterly basis over a period of 32 quarters commencing on a fixed repayment date in the future that is not tied to the launch of services. The Current Debt Repayment is classified as debt because the Company's repayment obligations will commence on such date regardless of when services are provided under the Updated Services Agreements. The Current Debt Repayment accrues annual fees, which may be reduced or eliminated entirely if the Company meets certain defined milestones associated with the completion of the Extended MSS Network, at which time prior accruals will be reduced or eliminated. The balance accrued for these fees is included in long-term deferred revenue on the Company's balance sheet (refer to Note 3: Revenue for further discussion).

On the issuance date, the Company recorded the Current Debt Repayment at fair value of $331.2 million. The difference between the principal amount of the Current Debt Repayment and the fair value was $109.6 million and was recorded as a debt premium. Additionally, the Company was required to bifurcate the fair value of the interest reduction mechanism and record a derivative liability upon issuance equal to the debt premium. The Company will amortize the premium as an offset to interest expense over the loan term using the effective interest rate method. Refer to Note 8: Derivatives and Note 9: Fair Value Measurements for further discussion on the embedded derivative bifurcated from the Current Debt Repayment.

2023 Funding Agreement

In 2023, the Service Agreements were amended to provide for, among other things, payment of up to $252 million to the Company (the “2023 Funding Agreement”), which the Company intends to use to fund 50% of the amounts due under its 2022 agreement with MDA, as well as launch, insurance and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the construction and launch of satellites purchased under such agreement. As of December 31, 2024, payments under the 2023 Funding Agreement totaled $155.0 million, of which $37.7 million was received during 2024.

The total amount paid to the Company under the 2023 Funding Agreement, including fees, is expected to be recouped from amounts payable under the Service Agreements beginning in the third quarter of 2026 (as amended in the Updated Services Agreements) and continuing for no longer than 16 consecutive quarters. Compounded fees are accrued at a fixed rate based on the average outstanding balance of the 2023 Funding Agreement. The balance accrued for these fees is included in "Other non-current liabilities" on the Company's balance sheet (refer to Note 11: Accrued Expenses and Other Non-Current Liabilities for further discussion).

For as long as any amount funded under the 2023 Funding Agreement is outstanding, the Company will be subject to certain covenants, including (i) maintenance of a minimum cash balance of $30 million, (ii) interest coverage and leverage ratios, and (iii) other customary negative covenants, including limitations on certain asset transfers, expenditures and investments. The Company’s obligations under the 2023 Funding Agreement are secured by a first priority lien over substantially all of the assets of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries. Thermo guaranteed certain of the Company’s obligations under the 2023 Funding Agreement and Updated Services Agreements. See further discussion regarding Thermo's guarantee in Note 12: Related Party Transactions.

As the Company makes draws under the 2023 Funding Agreement, the amount of each draw is recorded at fair value using a discounted cash flow model. The Company records a debt discount, which is netted against the face value of the 2023 Funding Agreement, for the difference between the fair value of the debt and the proceeds received and accretes this debt discount to interest expense through the maturity date using an effective interest rate method.

Prior to the amendment in October 2024, prepayment features were included in the 2023 Funding Agreement and required bifurcation from the debt and were valued separately. Refer to Note 8: Derivatives and Note 9: Fair Value Measurements for further discussion on the compound embedded derivative bifurcated from the 2023 Funding Agreement.

The table below outlines the components of the draws made under the 2023 Funding Agreement at funding (amounts in thousands):


	April 2023		November 2023		February 2024
Principal	$	87,730	$	29,523	$	37,747
Debt Discount - Thermo Guarantee	(6,897)		(1,967)		—
Debt Discount - Customer Relationship	(4,509)		(3,290)		(572)
Debt (Discount) Premium - Embedded Derivative	(341)		49		—
Fair Value at Issuance	$	75,983	$	24,315	$	37,175

After the effectiveness of the Thermo Guarantee in December 2023, no debt discount was attributed to the allocation of the fair value of the draw. Additionally, there was no significant discount for the February 2024 draw and, therefore, no embedded derivative required bifurcation.

2021 Funding Agreement

During 2021, the Company received payments under the amended 2021 Funding Agreement totaling $94.2 million. The Company's obligations under the 2021 Funding Agreement are secured by a first-priority lien in substantially all of the assets of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries. The debt discount associated with the 2021 Funding Agreement is accreting to interest expense through the maturity date using an effective interest rate method. No interest accrues on amounts outstanding under the 2021 Funding Agreement. During 2024, $34.6 million was recouped pursuant to the terms of the 2021 Funding Agreement.

2023 13% Notes

In 2023, the Company sold $200.0 million in aggregate principal amount of non-convertible 13% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2023 13% Notes”).

Pursuant to the Updated Services Agreements, the Company paid off the outstanding principal balance of the 2023 13% Notes in November 2024 with cash from the 2024 Prepayment Agreement. The payoff of the 2023 13% Notes included the aggregate principal amount outstanding of $219.6 million, accrued interest of $4.1 million and make-whole fees of $13.3 million. The principal and accrued interest amount of $223.7 million included the accrual of PIK interest added to the principal amount outstanding prior to pay down totaling $21.6 million. The Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $27.4 million on its consolidated statements of operations, resulting from the unamortized debt discount and deferred financing costs of the 2023 13% Note prior to extinguishment as well as the make-whole fees at pay down.

Prior to being paid off, the 2023 13% Notes bore interest at a rate of 13.00% per annum payable semi-annually in arrears. Pursuant to the Service Agreements, the Company paid cash interest on the 2023 13% Notes at a rate of 6.5% per annum and PIK interest at a rate of 6.5% per annum. In March and September 2024, the Company made interest payments totaling $13.4 million and $13.8 million, respectively, of which $6.7 million and $6.9 million, respectively, was paid in cash and

$6.7 million and $6.9 million, respectively, was paid-in-kind, which increased the principal balance outstanding under the 2023 13% Notes.

Series A Preferred Stock

In 2022, the Company issued 149,425 shares of its 7.0% Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, liquidation preference $1,000 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) with a fair value of $105.3 million. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock do not possess voting rights, other than with respect to certain matters specifically affecting the rights and obligations of the Series A Preferred Stock.

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Company's Board of Directors or a committee thereof, cumulative cash dividends based on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock, at a fixed rate equal to 7.00% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year. During 2024, the Company paid dividends approved by the Company's Board of Directors totaling $10.6 million.

Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed by the Company, in whole or in part, at any time. The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock do not have any rights to convert or require the Company to redeem such stock. The holders of the Series A Preferred stock have customary liquidation preferences.

Debt maturities

Annual debt maturities for each of the five years following December 31, 2024 and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):


2025	$	34,600
2026	19,790
2027	57,176
2028	77,953
2029	68,663
Thereafter	159,293
Total	$	417,475

Amounts in the above table are calculated based on amounts outstanding at December 31, 2024, and therefore exclude future draws pursuant to the 2023 Funding Agreement and assume recoupments as scheduled under the 2021 and 2023 Funding Agreements and the Current Debt Repayment.

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 470
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/470/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

Derivatives	12 Months Ended
Derivatives	Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Derivatives	8. DERIVATIVES The Company has identified various embedded derivatives resulting from certain features in the Company’s borrowing arrangements, requiring recognition on its consolidated balance sheet. None of these derivative instruments are designated as a hedge. Derivative liabilities are recorded in "Other non-current liabilities" or "Intangible and other assets" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of each embedded derivative is marked-to-market at the end of each reporting period, or more frequently as deemed necessary, with any changes in value reported in the consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows as a non-cash operating activity. The instruments and related features embedded in the debt instruments that are required to be accounted for as derivatives are described below. See Note 9: Fair Value Measurements to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion. Embedded Derivative within the Current Debt Repayment The terms of the Current Debt Repayment contains an interest reduction mechanism that is required to be bifurcated and recorded as an embedded derivative on the Company's consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding debt premium that is added to the principal amount of the Current Debt Repayment. The Company determined the fair value of the embedded derivatives using a discounted cash flow model. As the discount yield and the effective interest rate of the loan fluctuate based on projected cash flows, the derivative value is adjusted. Upon issuance, the Company recorded the fair value of the embedded derivative, totaling $109.6 million, as a derivative asset. As of December 31, 2024, the fair value of the embedded derivative was $108.8 million. During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company recorded an offset to derivative gain (loss) resulting from this mark-to-market adjustment, which was reflected in "Other" in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. Embedded Derivatives within the 2023 Funding Agreement Prior to its amendment in October 2024, the 2023 Funding Agreement contained certain prepayment features that are required to be bifurcated and recorded as an embedded derivative on the Company's consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding debt discount or premium that was netted against the principal amount of the draws under the 2023 Funding Agreement. As the Company made draws on the 2023 Funding Agreement, an associated embedded derivative was bifurcated and recorded. The Company determined the fair value of the embedded derivatives using a discounted cash flow model. As the discount yield and the effective interest rate of the loan fluctuated based on projected cash flows, the derivative value would be adjusted as either a liability or an asset of the Company. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded a derivative loss of $1.3 million and a derivative gain of $1.6 million, respectively, which were reflected in "Other" in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. In connection with the amendment of the 2023 Funding Agreement in October 2024, the prepayment feature was removed and therefore no value was assigned to the previously identified embedded derivative associated with this instrument as of December 31, 2024 and the fair value of the embedded derivatives within the 2023 Funding Agreement was reduced to zero.

Long-term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements -Maturities of Long-term Debt (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 34,600
2026	19,790
2027	57,176
2028	77,953
2029	68,663
Thereafter	159,293
Total	$ 417,475

Long-term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements - Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 28, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Nov. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2021
Principal Amount
Debt instrument, principal amount	$ 417,475		$ 398,661
Debt instrument, face amount, current	34,600		34,600
Debt instruments, face amount, noncurrent	382,875		364,061
Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs
Total debt	93,947		(38,361)
Debt instrument, unamortized discount, current	0		0
Debt instrument, unamortized premium, noncurrent	93,947
Debt instrument, unamortized discount, noncurrent			38,361
Carrying Value
Fair value at issuance	511,422		360,300
Less: current portion	34,600		34,600
Long-term debt	476,822		325,700
Current Debt Repayment
Principal Amount
Debt instrument, principal amount	221,625		0
Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs
Total debt	107,176		0
Carrying Value
Fair value at issuance	328,801		0
2023 Funding Agreement
Principal Amount
Debt instrument, principal amount	155,000	$ 37,747	117,253	$ 29,523	$ 87,730
Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs
Total debt	(11,031)		(15,433)
Carrying Value
Fair value at issuance	143,969	$ 37,175	101,820	$ 24,315	$ 75,983
2021 Funding Agreement
Principal Amount
Debt instrument, principal amount	40,850		75,450				$ 94,200
Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs
Total debt	(2,198)		(6,888)
Carrying Value
Fair value at issuance	38,652		68,562
2023 13% Notes
Principal Amount
Debt instrument, principal amount	0		205,958			$ 200,000
Unamortized Debt Premium (Discount) and Deferred Financing Costs
Total debt	0		(16,040)
Carrying Value
Fair value at issuance	$ 0		$ 189,918
Loan interest rate	13.00%		13.00%			13.00%

Long-Term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements - Components of Funding Agreement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 28, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Nov. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	$ 417,475		$ 398,661
Fair value at issuance	511,422		360,300
2023 Funding Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	155,000	$ 37,747	117,253	$ 29,523	$ 87,730
Debt Discount - Thermo Guarantee		0		(1,967)	(6,897)
Debt Discount - Customer Relationship		(572)		(3,290)	(4,509)
Debt (Discount) Premium - Embedded Derivative		0		49	(341)
Fair value at issuance	143,969	$ 37,175	101,820	$ 24,315	$ 75,983
2021 Funding Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	40,850		75,450			$ 94,200
Fair value at issuance	$ 38,652		$ 68,562

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482949/835-30-55-8

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69B

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69C
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69C

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69E

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69F
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69F

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1D
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1D
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1D
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (b)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482900/835-30-50-1

Amount, after deduction of unamortized premium (discount) and debt issuance cost, of long-term debt. Excludes lease obligation.

Accrued Expenses and Other Non-current Liabilities

Accrued Expenses and Other Non-current Liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

11. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Accrued compensation and benefits	$	5,203	$	4,307
Accrued property and other taxes	7,550		5,586
Accrued customer liabilities and deposits	3,600		4,284
Short-term lease liability	4,251		3,004
Accrued interest	—		3,942
Other accrued expenses	4,096		5,835
Total accrued expenses	$	24,700	$	26,958

Accrued interest as of December 31, 2023 included interest associated with the cash portion of the 13% Notes, which was refinanced in November 2024. Other accrued expenses include primarily vendor services, warranty reserve and occupancy costs.

Other non-current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Asset retirement obligations (Note 1)	$	2,903	$	2,951
Accrued interest (Note 7)	13,079		7,429
Deferred tax liability (Note 13)	711		329
Foreign tax contingencies	1,847		503
Customer Class B Units Redemption (Note 2)	400,000		—
Other	80		53
Total other non-current liabilities	$	418,620	$	11,265

As of December 31, 2024, accrued interest includes fees on the outstanding balance under the 2023 Funding Agreement. As of December 31, 2023, accrued interest included primarily interest associated with the PIK portion of the 13% Notes, which was fully repaid in November 2024. Foreign tax contingencies include primarily uncertain tax position liabilities associated with the Company's Canadian subsidiary.

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

4. LEASES

The following tables disclose the components of the Company’s operating leases (amounts in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Operating leases:
Right-of-use asset, net	$	31,835	$	34,164

Short-term lease liability (recorded in accrued expenses)	4,251		3,004
Long-term lease liability	26,256		29,244
Total operating lease liabilities	$	30,507	$	32,248

Finance leases are not significant to the Company's financial statements as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Lease Cost

The components of lease cost are reflected in the table below (amounts in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Operating lease cost (1)	$	6,360	$	5,576	$	4,306
Short-term lease cost	315		862		498
Total lease cost	$	6,675	$	6,438	$	4,804

(1)Includes sublease income.

Amortization and interest associated with finance leases were less than $0.1 million in total for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022; accordingly, these amounts are not shown in the table above.

Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term and Discount Rate

The following table discloses the weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for finance and operating leases:


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Weighted-average lease term
Finance leases	3.4 years		3.7 years
Operating Leases	8.3 years		9.8 years

Weighted-average discount rate
Finance leases	9.5	%	10.2	%
Operating leases	8.7	%	8.6	%

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The below table discloses supplemental cash flow information for operating leases (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	6,388	$	5,853	$	5,299

Operating and financing cash flows from finance leases were each less than $0.1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022; accordingly, these cash flows are not shown in the table above.

Maturity Analysis

The following table reflects undiscounted cash flows on an annual basis for the Company’s lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases

2025	$	6,696	$	39
2026	6,214		39
2027	5,645		32
2028	5,577		17
2029	3,856		1
Thereafter	15,217		—
Total lease payments	$	43,205	$	128
Imputed interest	(12,698)		(18)
Discounted lease liability	$	30,507	$	110

In connection with the Extended MSS Network, the Company will likely enter into additional operating leases in the future, the amount and timing of such leases is unknown and excluded from the table above.

Leases

4. LEASES

The following tables disclose the components of the Company’s operating leases (amounts in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Operating leases:
Right-of-use asset, net	$	31,835	$	34,164

Short-term lease liability (recorded in accrued expenses)	4,251		3,004
Long-term lease liability	26,256		29,244
Total operating lease liabilities	$	30,507	$	32,248

Finance leases are not significant to the Company's financial statements as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Lease Cost

The components of lease cost are reflected in the table below (amounts in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Operating lease cost (1)	$	6,360	$	5,576	$	4,306
Short-term lease cost	315		862		498
Total lease cost	$	6,675	$	6,438	$	4,804

(1)Includes sublease income.

Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term and Discount Rate

The following table discloses the weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for finance and operating leases:


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Weighted-average lease term
Finance leases	3.4 years		3.7 years
Operating Leases	8.3 years		9.8 years

Weighted-average discount rate
Finance leases	9.5	%	10.2	%
Operating leases	8.7	%	8.6	%

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The below table discloses supplemental cash flow information for operating leases (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	6,388	$	5,853	$	5,299

Maturity Analysis

The following table reflects undiscounted cash flows on an annual basis for the Company’s lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases

2025	$	6,696	$	39
2026	6,214		39
2027	5,645		32
2028	5,577		17
2029	3,856		1
Thereafter	15,217		—
Total lease payments	$	43,205	$	128
Imputed interest	(12,698)		(18)
Discounted lease liability	$	30,507	$	110

Taxes - Schedule of Components of Net Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets
Operating loss and credit carryforwards	$ 436,670	$ 464,522
Deferred revenue	17,242	28,147
Accruals and reserves	1,721	1,298
Stock-based compensation expense	3,502	2,760
Lease liabilities	5,408	3,588
Interest and interest carryforwards	4,972	1,363
Other deferred tax assets	1,064	0
Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	470,579	501,678
Valuation allowance	(421,883)	(438,142)
Total deferred tax assets	48,696	63,536
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment	(42,913)	(62,373)
Right-of-use assets	(5,768)	(754)
Intangibles	(606)	(738)
Other deferred tax liabilities	(120)	0
Total deferred tax liabilities	(49,407)	(63,865)
Deferred income tax liability	$ (711)	$ (329)

Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 250,349	$ 223,808	$ 148,504
Service revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	237,689	204,196	132,068
Service revenue \| United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	206,402	170,621	99,735
Service revenue \| Canada
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	12,873	16,058	17,421
Service revenue \| Europe
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	6,529	6,856	6,428
Service revenue \| Central and South America
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	11,329	9,978	7,961
Service revenue \| Others
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	556	683	523
Wholesale capacity services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	145,299	109,067	34,913
Commercial IoT
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,245	22,867	19,516
SPOT
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	41,140	44,184	45,670
Duplex
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	20,156	25,932	29,222
Government and other services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	4,849	2,146	2,747
Total subscriber equipment sales
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	12,660	19,612	16,436
Total subscriber equipment sales \| United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	6,654	8,599	7,981
Total subscriber equipment sales \| Canada
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,077	5,153	4,740
Total subscriber equipment sales \| Europe
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	3,292	2,985	1,870
Total subscriber equipment sales \| Central and South America
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,633	2,863	1,793
Total subscriber equipment sales \| Others
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 4	$ 12	$ 52

Related Party Transactions (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands	1 Months Ended				3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 shares	Aug. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Nov. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) day $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payables to affiliates						$ 394,000	$ 459,000
Principal amount						417,475,000	398,661,000
Payments of dividends						$ 10,634,000	11,942,000	$ 0
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares						49,100
Warrants						$ 48,300,000
Reverse Stock Split
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares						3,300
XCOM Labs, Inc.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business combination, equity interest issued (in shares) \| shares		60,600
Consideration transferred, equity interests issued		$ 68,700,000
XCOM Labs, Inc. \| Reverse Stock Split
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business combination, equity interest issued (in shares) \| shares		4,000
XCOM Labs, Inc. \| Common Stock, Restricted
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business combination, equity interest issued (in shares) \| shares		16,700
XCOM Labs, Inc. \| Common Stock, Restricted \| Reverse Stock Split
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business combination, equity interest issued (in shares) \| shares		1,100
Support Services Agreement \| XCOM Labs, Inc.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business combination, equity interest issued (in shares) \| shares	7,700	10,500
Support Services Agreement \| XCOM Labs, Inc. \| Reverse Stock Split
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Business combination, equity interest issued (in shares) \| shares	500	700
Series A Perpetual Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Preferred stock, dividend rate, percentage			7.00%			7.00%
Payments of dividends							$ 10,600,000
Thermo Capital Partners LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Strategic review committee requirement, ownership threshold, percentage						0.45
Transaction threshold for approval requirement						$ 250,000
XCOM Labs, Inc. \| Support Services Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Sale of stock, number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) \| shares	4,500
XCOM Labs, Inc. \| Support Services Agreement \| Reverse Stock Split
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Sale of stock, number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) \| shares	300
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Partnership agreement, minimum ownership threshold, percentage (less than)				0.5100
Related Party \| Series A Perpetual Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Preferred stock, dividend rate, percentage						7.00%
Related Party \| 2019 Facility Agreement \| Thermo Capital Partners LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Principal amount									$ 136,700,000
Thermo Capital Partners LLC \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of securities called by warrants (in shares) \| shares						667,000
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares							10,000
Warrant, strike price (in usd per share) \| $ / shares						$ 30.00	$ 2.00
Partnership agreement, advancement guarantee						$ 25,000,000	$ 25,000,000
Trading day threshold \| day						5
Thermo Capital Partners LLC \| Related Party \| Common Stock Warrant, Vesting Upon Effectiveness Of Guaranty
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares						333	5,000
Warrants						$ 5,000,000
Thermo Capital Partners LLC \| Related Party \| Common Stock Warrant, Vesting Upon Advances Achievement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares						333,000	5,000
Thermo Capital Partners LLC \| Related Party \| Common Stock Warrant, Vesting Upon Advances Achievement \| Estimate of fair value
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants						$ 0
Thermo Capital Partners LLC \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payables to affiliates						$ 400,000	$ 500,000
Annual rental payment escalation percentage						2.50%
Operating lease, annual base rental						$ 1,600,000
Operating lease term						10 years
Rent expense						$ 1,600,000	$ 1,600,000	$ 1,600,000
Payments of dividends						$ 9,700,000
Partnership agreement, ownership threshold, period				5 years
Thermo Development, Inc \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Construction in progress assets acquired through XCOM SSA					$ 500,000

Revenue - Wholesale Capacity Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Contract asset	$ (43,700)	$ (46,700)
Total contract liabilities	349,372	56,890
Warrants issued	48,300
Updated Service Agreement
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Additional consideration associated with Agreements	7,288	0
Additional consideration, interest reduction cost	4,400
Funding agreement, consideration of financing amount	2,900
Wholesale capacity services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Advanced payments contractually owed for services expected to be performed with the next-generation satellite constellation prior to the Phase 2 Service Period	8,950	14,204
Contract asset	(43,670)	(46,665)
Total contract liabilities	328,231	32,442
Wholesale capacity services \| 2021 and 2023 Funding Agreement
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Additional consideration associated with Agreements	12,247	16,104
Wholesale capacity services \| Ground component
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Advanced payments	21,914	23,673
Wholesale capacity services \| Phase 1 service fee and service-related operating expenses and capital expenditures
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Advanced payments	27,664	19,907
Wholesale capacity services \| Future Phase
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Advanced payments	278,043	0
Wholesale capacity services \| Space component
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Other advanced payments associated with future performance obligations	$ 15,795	$ 5,219

Revenue

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

3. REVENUE

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table discloses revenue disaggregated by type of product and service (amounts in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Service revenue:
Wholesale capacity services	$	145,299	$	109,067	$	34,913
Subscriber services
Commercial IoT	26,245		22,867		19,516
SPOT	41,140		44,184		45,670
Duplex	20,156		25,932		29,222
Government and other services	4,849		2,146		2,747
Total service revenue	237,689		204,196		132,068





Total subscriber equipment sales	12,660		19,612		16,436

Total revenue	$	250,349	$	223,808	$	148,504

Wholesale capacity services revenue includes revenue associated with the Updated Services Agreements. As consideration for the services to be provided by Globalstar under the Updated Services Agreements, payments include a fixed service fee, payments relating to certain service-related operating expenses and capital expenditures, additional fees related to expanded services, and potential bonus payments subject to satisfaction of certain licensing, service and other related criteria.

Government and other services revenue includes engineering and other communication services, such as terrestrial spectrum and network services, government service contracts and teleport lease arrangements. The Company's largest network services agreement is with a government services company to utilize the Company's satellite network for a mission critical service for government applications.

The Company attributes equipment revenue to various countries based on the location where equipment is sold. Service revenue is generally attributed to the various countries based on the Globalstar entity that holds the customer contract. Revenue does not reflect our intercompany transactions; such intercompany transactions reflect globally accepted transfer pricing principles and align profits with the business operations and functions of the various legal entities in our international business.

The following table discloses revenue disaggregated by geographical market (amounts in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Service revenue:
United States	$	206,402	$	170,621	$	99,735
Canada	12,873		16,058		17,421
Europe	6,529		6,856		6,428
Central and South America	11,329		9,978		7,961
Others	556		683		523
Total service revenue	237,689		204,196		132,068

Subscriber equipment sales:
United States	$	6,654	$	8,599	$	7,981
Canada	1,077		5,153		4,740
Europe	3,292		2,985		1,870
Central and South America	1,633		2,863		1,793
Others	4		12		52
Total subscriber equipment sales	12,660		19,612		16,436

Total revenue	$	250,349	$	223,808	$	148,504

Accounts Receivable


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses
Subscriber and other accounts receivable	$	14,829	$	14,474
Wholesale capacity accounts receivable	12,123		34,269
Total accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses	$	26,952	$	48,743

The Company entered into a satellite procurement agreement and a launch services agreement to support the Phase 2 Service Period. The new satellites purchased under the satellite procurement agreement are intended to replenish the Company's HIBLEO-4 U.S.-licensed system. Pursuant to the Services Agreements, payments are expected to be made to the Company by the Customer on a straight-line basis once the satellites are successfully utilized to provide services for the Phase 2 Service Period. Based on construction in progress incurred by Globalstar, amounts expected to be billed by the Company associated with this phase of the Service Agreements were $236.9 million as of December 31, 2024 related to Phase 2.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities, which are included in deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, represent the Company’s obligation to transfer service or equipment to a customer from whom it has previously received consideration. The Company's contract liabilities by type and classification are presented in the table below (amounts in thousands).


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Short-term contract liabilities
Subscriber and other contract liabilities	$	19,710	$	22,816
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net of contract asset	41,491		30,861
Total short-term contract liabilities	$	61,201	$	53,677
Long-term contract liabilities
Subscriber and other contract liabilities	$	1,431	$	1,632
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net of contract asset	286,740		1,581
Total long-term contract liabilities	$	288,171	$	3,213
Total contract liabilities	$	349,372	$	56,890

For subscriber contract liabilities, the amount of revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 from performance obligations included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of these periods was $17.4 million and $19.6 million, respectively. For wholesale capacity contract liabilities, the amount of revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 from performance obligations included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of these periods was $34.1 million and $44.1 million, respectively.

The duration of the Company’s contracts with subscribers is generally one year or less. The Updated Services Agreements have no expiration date; therefore, the related contract liabilities may be recognized into revenue over various periods driven by when the customer is expected to benefit from the obligation.

The components of wholesale capacity contract liabilities are presented in the table below (amounts in thousands).


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net:
Additional consideration associated with the 2021 and 2023 Funding Agreements (1)	$	12,247	$	16,104
Advanced payments for services expected to be performed with the ground spare satellite launched in June 2022	21,914		23,673
Advanced payments contractually owed for services expected to be performed with the next-generation satellite constellation prior to the Phase 2 Service Period	8,950		14,204
Advanced payments for the Phase 1 Service Period fee, service-related operating expenses and capital expenditures and other services	27,664		19,907
Advance payments made for the Extended MSS Network (See Note 2: Special Purpose Entity)	278,043		—
Additional consideration associated with the Updated Services Agreements (2)	7,288		—
Other advanced payments associated with future performance obligations	15,795		5,219
Contract asset (3)	(43,670)		(46,665)
Wholesale capacity contract liabilities, net	$	328,231	$	32,442

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-15

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/606/tableOfContent

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Intangible and Other Assets - Carrying Amount and Accumulated Amortization of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization	$ 17,070	$ 16,929
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Gross Carrying Amount	75,760	53,809
Accumulated Amortization	(7,625)	(10,085)
Net Carrying Amount	68,135	43,724
Gross Carrying Amount, finite and indefinite lived intangible assets	92,830	70,738
Net carrying amount, finite and indefinite lived intangible assets	85,205	60,653
Developed technology
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Gross Carrying Amount	35,798	12,170
Accumulated Amortization	(5,552)	(8,235)
Net Carrying Amount	30,246	3,935
Regulatory authorizations
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Gross Carrying Amount	9,384	5,370
Accumulated Amortization	(2,073)	(1,850)
Net Carrying Amount	7,311	3,520
Intellectual property assets in progress
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Gross Carrying Amount	7,406	25,980
Accumulated Amortization	0	0
Net Carrying Amount	7,406	25,980
Other intangible assets in progress
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Gross Carrying Amount	23,172	10,289
Accumulated Amortization	0	0
Net Carrying Amount	$ 23,172	$ 10,289

Stock Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Stock Compensation

15. STOCK COMPENSATION

Share-Based Payment Arrangements with Employees

The Company’s Equity Incentive Plan (“Equity Plan”) provides long-term incentives to the Company’s key employees, including officers, directors, consultants and advisers (“Eligible Participants”), and is designed to align stockholder and employee interests. Under the Equity Plan, the Company may grant incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, and other stock based awards or any combination thereof to Eligible Participants. The Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors establishes the terms and conditions of any awards granted under the plans. At the time of grant, the Company takes into consideration the timing of the stock based award and evaluates for conditions that could result in the award to be considered spring loaded. The number of shares have been restated to reflect the 1:15 reverse stock split effectuated on February 10, 2025. All historical share and per share amounts reflected in this Report have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. Refer to Note 17: Common Stock for further discussion.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the number of shares of common stock that was authorized and remained available for issuance under the Equity Plan was 3.4 million and 1.4 million, respectively (51.7 million and 20.6 million, respectively prior to the reverse stock split). During 2024, the Company's Board of Directors approved an increase to the Equity Plan reserve totaling 2.5 million shares (37.6 million shares prior to the reverse stock split).

Restricted Stock

Grants of restricted stock have varying vesting criteria, including immediate, one year from the grant date, in equal annual installments over three years or based on performance criteria. Non-vested shares are generally forfeited upon the termination of employment. Holders of restricted stock awards are entitled to all rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to the restricted stock, including the right to vote the shares and receive any dividends or other distributions. Compensation expense associated with restricted stock is measured based on the grant date fair value of the common stock and is recognized on a straight line basis over the vesting period. The table below summarizes the weighted average grant date fair value of restricted stock for the indicated periods:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	24.11	$	20.40	$	25.95

The following is a rollforward of the activity in restricted stock for the year ended December 31, 2024:


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2024	589,072	$	23.39
Granted	400,352	24.11
Vested	(504,737)	22.77
Forfeited	(46,586)	21.46
Nonvested at December 31, 2024	438,101	$	24.96

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $11.6 million, $13.1 million and $10.4 million, respectively, of compensation expense related to restricted stock awards. The total fair value, as calculated on the day of vesting, of restricted stock awards that vested during 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $13.1 million, $11.6 million, and $14.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock outstanding was approximately $7.2 million to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.4 years.

Market-Based Restricted Stock Units

During 2024 and 2023, the Company granted restricted stock units ("RSUs") totaling 62.9 thousand and 3.0 million, respectively, which may be earned over a four-year performance period. All of the market-based RSUs vest upon the Company's common stock trading at various price levels throughout the performance period. Market-based RSUs are valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The 2024 market-based RSUs were granted in October 2024 with a fair value of

$0.6 million, which will be recognized over the derived service period, estimated to be 2.5 years. The Monte Carlo simulation was computed using the following assumptions:


	Risk-Free Interest Rate		Stock Price Volatility		Market Price of Common Stock
Fair Value of RSUs	4.04	%	65.00	%	$	15.90

For the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized $23.4 million and $6.7 million, respectively, of compensation cost related to these awards. As of December 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested market-based RSUs was approximately $10.0 million to be recognized over a weighted-average derived service period of 0.8 years. No market-based RSUs vested, expired or were forfeited during 2024.

Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units

During 2024, the Company granted 94.3 thousand performance-based RSUs, which are earned over a four-year period. The total fair value of the performance-based RSUs were valued using the stock price on the grant date, totaling $1.5 million. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $0.1 million of compensation cost related to these awards. As of December 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested performance-based RSUs was approximately $1.4 million to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.5 years. No performance-based RSUs vested, expired or were forfeited during 2024.

Key Employee Bonus Plan

The Company has an annual bonus plan designed to reward designated key employees' efforts to exceed the Company's financial performance goals for the designated calendar year ("Plan Year"). The bonus pool available for distribution is determined based on the Company's adjusted EBITDA performance during the Plan Year. The bonus may be paid in cash or the Company's common stock, subject to certain approvals.

For the 2024 Plan Year, the Company's adjusted EBITDA performance was within the bonus payout threshold according to the plan document. As of December 31, 2024, $2.7 million was accrued on the Company's consolidated balance sheet related to this bonus payment, which is expected to be paid in a mix of cash and common stock during the first quarter of 2025.

Taxes - Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current:
Federal tax	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
State tax	60	240	82
Foreign tax	1,693	850	(9)
Total	1,753	1,090	73
Deferred:
Federal and state tax	316	33	0
Foreign tax	66	0	0
Total	382	33	0
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 2,135	$ 1,123	$ 73

Intangible and Other Assets - Estimated Annual Amortization of Intangible Assets (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 4,614
2026	4,565
2027	4,500
2028	3,995
2029	3,744
Thereafter	16,139
Net Carrying Amount	$ 37,557

Segment Reporting	12 Months Ended
Segment Reporting	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Reporting	16. SEGMENT REPORTING An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise which has discrete financial information that is evaluated regularly by the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") to decide how to allocate resources and assess performance. In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting, the Company’s only reportable segment is its MSS business. The Company's Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Paul E. Jacobs, is the Company's CODM. Dr. Jacobs manages the consolidated entity and uses net income (loss) as the measure of profit or loss to assess segment performance and allocate resources. Dr. Jacobs does not review total assets. Dr. Jacobs reviews revenue and certain operating expenses to determine resource allocations. Revenue is reviewed at a disaggregated level, consistent with the Company’s disclosures in Note 3: Revenue. Expenses are reviewed by the nature of the cost (Cost of Services, Marketing, General and Administrative and Cost of Subscriber Equipment Sales), consistent with the Company’s presentation on its Consolidated Statements of Operations. Other operating segment expenses primarily include stock-based compensation, depreciation, amortization and accretion, the reduction in the value of assets and inventory, interest income and expense, foreign currency gains and losses, gains and losses on extinguishment of debt as well as other smaller items.

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 48
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 270
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (ee)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 54
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 47
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 54
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 47
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 54
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 47
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 34
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-34

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26C
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26C

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26B

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-15

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 42
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 40
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/280/tableOfContent

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 41
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Schedule of the components of income tax expense (benefit)

Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

The components of income tax expense (benefit) were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Current:
Federal tax	$	—	$	—	$	—
State tax	60		240		82
Foreign tax	1,693		850		(9)
Total	1,753		1,090		73
Deferred:
Federal and state tax	316		33		—
Foreign tax	66		—		—
Total	382		33		—
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	2,135	$	1,123	$	73

Schedule of U.S. And foreign components of income (loss) before taxes

U.S. and foreign components of income (loss) before income taxes are presented below (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
U.S. loss	$	(46,851)	$	(30,086)	$	(232,148)
Foreign income (loss)	(14,178)		6,491		(24,694)
Total loss before income taxes	$	(61,029)	$	(23,595)	$	(256,842)

Schedule of the components of net deferred income tax assets

The components of net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Deferred tax assets
Operating loss and credit carryforwards	$	436,670	$	464,522
Deferred revenue	17,242		28,147
Accruals and reserves	1,721		1,298
Stock-based compensation expense	3,502		2,760
Lease liabilities	5,408		3,588
Interest and interest carryforwards	4,972		1,363
Other deferred tax assets	1,064		—
Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	470,579		501,678
Valuation allowance	(421,883)		(438,142)
Total deferred tax assets	48,696		63,536
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment	(42,913)		(62,373)
Right-of-use assets	(5,768)		(754)
Intangibles	(606)		(738)
Other deferred tax liabilities	(120)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities	(49,407)		(63,865)
Deferred income tax liability	$	(711)	$	(329)

Schedule of actual provision for income taxes to the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate

The actual provision for income taxes differs from the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Provision at U.S. statutory rate of 21%	$	(12,816)	$	(4,967)	$	(53,951)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	(1,142)		(771)		(4,065)
Change in valuation allowance	(9,740)		(969)		43,500
Effect of foreign income tax at various rates	185		(131)		(133)
Permanent differences	2,408		5,923		8,229
Net change in permanent items due to provision to tax return	(13)		(731)		1,855
Adjustment to reserved deferred assets	6,204		2,104		4,607
Adjustment to state deferred rate	4,049		170		136
Withholding tax	421		502		—
Uncertain tax positions	12,527		—		—
Other	52		(7)		(105)
Total	$	2,135	$	1,123	$	73

Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits

The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s beginning and ending balances of unrecognized tax benefits for the periods indicated (in thousands):


Gross unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2024	$	—
Increases related to tax positions of prior years	14,067
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024	$	14,067

Accrued Expenses and Other Non-current Liabilities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Schedule of accrued expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Accrued compensation and benefits	$	5,203	$	4,307
Accrued property and other taxes	7,550		5,586
Accrued customer liabilities and deposits	3,600		4,284
Short-term lease liability	4,251		3,004
Accrued interest	—		3,942
Other accrued expenses	4,096		5,835
Total accrued expenses	$	24,700	$	26,958

Schedule of other non-current liabilities

Other non-current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Asset retirement obligations (Note 1)	$	2,903	$	2,951
Accrued interest (Note 7)	13,079		7,429
Deferred tax liability (Note 13)	711		329
Foreign tax contingencies	1,847		503
Customer Class B Units Redemption (Note 2)	400,000		—
Other	80		53
Total other non-current liabilities	$	418,620	$	11,265

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
Audit Information	Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Firm ID	42
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location	New Orleans, Louisiana

Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 6,360	$ 5,576	$ 4,306
Short-term lease cost	315	862	498
Total lease cost	$ 6,675	$ 6,438	$ 4,804

Common Stock (Details)	Feb. 10, 2025 shares	Dec. 17, 2024	Feb. 11, 2025 shares
Maximum
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Reverse stock split		0.04
Minimum
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Reverse stock split		0.1
Subsequent event
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Reverse stock split	0.066666666666667
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,150,000,000		143,333,334
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,896,635,805		126,442,583

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

Derivatives (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Derivatives (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (loss) on derivative	$ (1,300,000)	$ 1,600,000
Current Debt Repayment
Derivative [Line Items]
Issuance of embedded derivatives	109,600,000
Embedded derivative, fair value	108,800,000
2023 Funding Agreement
Derivative [Line Items]
Embedded derivative, fair value	$ 0

Common Stock	12 Months Ended
Common Stock	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Common Stock	17. COMMON STOCK On December 17, 2024, by written consent, following the approval and recommendation of the board of directors and its Strategic Review Committee, Thermo, which collectively owns a majority of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock, approved proposals to amend the Company's certificate of incorporation to (i) conduct a reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock at a ratio between 1 for 10 and 1 for 25, and (ii) reduce the authorized number of shares of common stock that the Company can issue in proportion to the reverse stock split. Effective following the close of trading on February 10, 2025, the Company voluntarily withdrew the listing of its common stock from the NYSE American, effected the reverse stock split at a ratio of 1 to 15 shares of common stock and amended its certificate of incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of common stock that it may issue from 2,150,000,000 shares to 143,333,334 shares of common stock. Effective at the start of trading on February 11, 2025, the Company's common stock began trading on a post-split basis under the symbol “GSAT” on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. The number of shares of common stock outstanding was reduced from 1,896,635,805 to 126,442,583. No fractional shares were issued as a result of the reverse stock split and it did not impact the par value of the Company's common stock. Any fractional shares that would otherwise have resulted from the reverse stock split were rounded up to the next whole share, except that any fractional shares resulting from the reverse stock split for any outstanding awards adjustments pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Company's 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and the award or agreement governing such awards were rounded down to the next whole share. Neither the reverse stock split nor the related amendments to the Company's certificate of incorporation had any impact on the number of shares of preferred stock it is authorized to issue under its certificate of incorporation or the number of issued and outstanding shares of its Series A Preferred Stock. All shares of common stock, warrants, stock-based compensation awards and per share amounts included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and applicable notes thereto in Part II, Item 8 of this Report and elsewhere in this Report have been retrospectively restated to reflect the effect of the reverse stock split and related amendments to our certificate of incorporation.

The entire disclosure for equity.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-6

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-6

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/505/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 16
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-16

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Property And Equipment

5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Globalstar System:
Space component	$	1,167,332	$	1,230,975
Ground component	102,717		106,757
Construction in progress:
Space component	357,825		240,732
Ground component	20,545		6,814
Other	8,727		9,574
Total Globalstar System	1,657,146		1,594,852
Internally developed and purchased software	24,309		23,310
Equipment	14,904		11,905
Land and buildings	3,222		2,677
Leasehold improvements	2,180		2,147
Total property and equipment	1,701,761		1,634,891
Accumulated depreciation	(1,028,129)		(1,010,889)
Total property and equipment, net	$	673,632	$	624,002

The Company has an agreement with MDA for the purchase of new satellites that are intended to replenish the Company's HIBLEO-4 U.S.-licensed system. The Company also has an agreement with SpaceX providing for the launch of the first set of satellites under the agreement with MDA. The Company also has agreements with MDA and SpaceX to support the Extended MSS Network. Refer to Note 10: Commitments and Contingencies for further discussion of these agreements. As of December 31, 2024, for the HIBLEO-4 replacement satellites, the Company has incurred $224.3 million and $23.6 million for milestones completed under these agreements with MDA and SpaceX, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, for the Extended MSS Network, the Company has incurred $17.3 million for milestones completed under the agreement with SpaceX.These costs, as well as the associated personnel costs and capitalized interest, are reflected in the "space component" of construction in progress in the table above.

As discussed in Note 2: Special Purpose Entity, the Customer contributed certain assets to the Globalstar SPE, which are included in the table above.

Capitalized Interest and Depreciation Expense

The following table summarizes capitalized interest for the periods indicated below (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Interest costs eligible to be capitalized	$	46,527	$	39,143	$	45,609
Interest costs recorded in interest income (expense), net	(14,388)		(15,271)		(29,836)
Net interest capitalized	$	32,139	$	23,872	$	15,773

The following table summarizes depreciation expense for the periods indicated below (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Depreciation Expense	$	87,917	$	87,213	$	85,475

The following table summarizes amortization expense for the periods indicated below (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Amortization Expense	$	1,068	$	978	$	8,409

During 2022, the Company wrote down the value of certain second-generation ground assets, including intangible assets. Accordingly, the amortization expense decreased after 2022 associated with these assets.

Geographic Location of Property and Equipment

Long-lived assets consist primarily of property and equipment and are attributed to various countries based on the physical location of the asset, except for the Company’s satellites which are included in the long-lived assets of the United States. The Company’s information by geographic area is as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Property and equipment:
North America	$	636,816	$	581,535
Central and South America	13,629		16,122
Africa	10,736		12,379
Asia Pacific	10,468		11,411
Europe	1,983		2,555
Total property and equipment	$	673,632	$	624,002

Stock Compensation - Restricted Stock (Details) - Restricted Stock - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Shares
Nonvested, beginning balance (in shares)	589,072
Granted (in shares)	400,352
Vested (in shares)	(504,737)
Forfeited (in shares)	(46,586)
Nonvested, ending balance (in shares)	438,101	589,072
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (USD per share)
Nonvested, beginning (in USD per share)	$ 23.39
Granted (in USD per share)	24.11	$ 20.40	$ 25.95
Vested (in USD per share)	22.77
Forfeited (in USD per share)	21.46
Nonvested, ending (in USD per share)	$ 24.96	$ 23.39

Taxes- Schedule of Actual Provision for Income Taxes to Statutory U.S. Federal Income Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Provision at U.S. statutory rate of 21%	$ (12,816)	$ (4,967)	$ (53,951)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	(1,142)	(771)	(4,065)
Change in valuation allowance	(9,740)	(969)	43,500
Effect of foreign income tax at various rates	185	(131)	(133)
Permanent differences	2,408	5,923	8,229
Net change in permanent items due to provision to tax return	(13)	(731)	1,855
Adjustment to reserved deferred assets	6,204	2,104	4,607
Adjustment to state deferred rate	4,049	170	136
Withholding tax	421	502	0
Uncertain tax positions	12,527	0	0
Other	52	(7)	(105)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 2,135	$ 1,123	$ 73

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Business

Through its global satellite network, Globalstar, Inc. (“Globalstar” or the “Company”) provides Mobile Satellite Services (“MSS”) including wholesale capacity services through its global satellite network and voice and data communications services to retail, business and governmental customers. The Company’s only reportable segment is its MSS business. Thermo Companies, through commonly controlled affiliates (collectively, “Thermo”), is the principal owner and largest stockholder of Globalstar. The Company's Executive Chairman of the Board controls Thermo.

Globalstar currently provides wholesale capacity services, communications products and services, terrestrial spectrum and network solutions and government services. Wholesale capacity services include satellite network access and related services using the Company's network of in-orbit satellites and ground stations ("gateways") pursuant to the Company's spectrum licenses, which the Company refers to collectively as the Globalstar System. The Company provides communications products and services to its subscribers, including voice communication and data transmissions (Commercial IoT, SPOT and Duplex). The Company also utilizes the Globalstar System for terrestrial spectrum and network solutions. Government services include strategic partnerships as well as hardware and software designs to develop specific applications operating over the Globalstar System.

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from estimates. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year Consolidated Financial Statements to conform to current year presentation. The Company evaluates estimates on an ongoing basis.

Principles of Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Globalstar and all its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidation.

In connection with the Updated Services Agreements, the Company performed an analysis to determine if its special purpose entity ("SPE") is a variable interest entity ("VIE"). The Company concluded that its SPE is a variable interest entity and Globalstar is the primary beneficiary of the entity. Amounts for the Globalstar SPE are consolidated. Amounts pertaining to the non-controlling interest of the Globalstar SPE are reported as a non-current liability in the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 2: Special Purpose Entity for further discussion.

Reverse Stock Split

On November 7, 2024. the Company's Strategic Review Committee of the Board of Directors approved a reverse stock split of the Company's issued and outstanding common stock. The reverse stock split was effectuated on February 10, 2025 at a 1-for-15 ratio. All issued and outstanding common stock, options and warrants to purchase common stock and per share amounts contained in this Report have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the change in capital structure for all periods presented. Refer to Note 17: Common Stock for further discussion.

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), which requires most identifiable assets, liabilities, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. Additionally, ASC 805 requires transaction-related costs to be expensed in the period incurred. The determination of fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires estimates and assumptions that can change as a result of new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. As such, the Company will make any necessary adjustments to goodwill in the period identified within one year of the acquisition date. Adjustments outside of that range are recognized currently in earnings.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash deposited in institutional money market funds, regular interest-bearing depository accounts and non-interest-bearing depository accounts are classified as cash and cash equivalents on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consists primarily of highly liquid short-term investments deposited with financial institutions that are of high credit quality.

The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and records reserves to provide for estimated credit losses. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company's wholesale capacity customer under the Updated Services Agreements was responsible for 58% of the Company's revenue and 40% of the Company's total receivable balance. Additionally, one of the Company's value added resellers was responsible for 21% of the Company's total receivable balance; however, this customer was responsible for less than 10% of the Company's revenue. No other customers were responsible for more than 10% of the Company's revenue or accounts receivable balance.

Accounts Receivable

The Company records trade accounts receivable from its customers when it has a contractual right to receive payment either on demand or on fixed or determinable dates in the future. Receivables are recorded when the right to consideration from the customer becomes unconditional, which is generally upon billing or upon satisfaction of a performance obligation, whichever is earlier. Accounts receivable are uncollateralized, without interest, and consist of receivables from the sale of services and equipment. The Company also may act as an agent to procure goods and perform services under the Updated Services Agreements. Payment is generally due within 45 days of the invoice date for this customer. For service, payment is generally due from subscribers within thirty days of the invoice date and for equipment customers, payment is generally due within thirty to sixty days of the invoice date, or, for some customers, may be made in advance of shipment.

The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and impairs receivable balances by recording specific allowances for credit losses based on factors such as customer credit ratings, supportable and reasonable current trends, the length of time the receivables are past due and historical collection experience. The Company believes that historical collection experience is the most reasonable basis for predicting future performance. One type of the Company’s contract assets is customer receivables and, as such, historical delinquency percentages are generally consistent over time. The estimate of the allowance for subscriber credit losses is computed using aging schedules by type of revenue (service and subscriber equipment), by product (Commercial IoT, SPOT, Duplex and XCOM RAN) and by country. As discussed above, accounts receivable are considered past due in accordance with the contractual terms of the applicable arrangements. The Company applies a loss rate to its portfolio of subscriber trade receivables based on past-due status and records an allowance for credit losses, which represents the expected losses of those trade receivables over their estimated contractual life. The estimated life varies by service and product type. Allowances are generally recorded for all aging categories of outstanding receivables, including those in the current category. Accounts receivable balances that are determined likely to be uncollectible are included in the allowance for credit losses. After attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance. The estimate of the allowance for credit losses on wholesale capacity receivables is based primarily on customer payment history and credit rating. The Company believes that the risk of loss is extremely remote for this category of outstanding receivables.

The following is a summary of the activity in the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	2,312	$	2,892	$	2,962
Provision, net of recoveries	(419)		519		1,087
Write-offs and other adjustments	(389)		(1,099)		(1,157)
Balance at end of period	$	1,504	$	2,312	$	2,892

Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of purchased products, including subscriber equipment devices, which work on the Company’s network, as well as component parts and other chips used in the manufacture of subscriber equipment devices. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Inventory write downs are evaluated at the product level and measured as the difference between the cost of inventory and the net realizable value. Write downs are recorded as a "cost of subscriber equipment sales - reduction in the value of inventory" in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Product sales and returns from the previous 12 months and future demand forecasts are reviewed and excess and obsolete inventory is written off, as applicable.

The Company wrote down the value of inventory by $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily resulting from obsolete inventory for component parts that can no longer be used in production of current devices. The Company did not record any significant write downs of inventory for the year ended December 31, 2023. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company wrote down the value of inventory by $8.6 million after adjusting for changes in net realizable value resulting from the decision to no longer sell second-generation Duplex devices.

The following is a summary of the components of the Company's inventory balance (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Finished goods	$	7,254	$	11,120
Raw materials	3,785		3,548
Inventory reserve	(298)		(86)
Total	$	10,741	$	14,582

Property and Equipment

The Globalstar System includes costs for the design, manufacture, test and launch of a constellation of low earth orbit satellites (the “Space Component”), primary and backup control centers, gateways (the “Ground Component”) and spectrum licenses. Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.

Costs associated with the design, manufacture, test and launch of the Company’s Space and Ground Components are capitalized and include direct costs of third party suppliers and contractors, internal personnel as well as equipment and materials. Capitalized costs associated with the Company’s Space Component, Ground Component, and other assets are tracked by fixed asset category and are allocated to each asset as it comes into service. Generally, when a satellite is incorporated into the constellation, the Company begins depreciation on the date the satellite is placed into service, which typically is the point that the satellite reaches its orbital altitude, over its estimated depreciable life. In June 2022, the Company launched an on-ground spare satellite. The costs associated with the construction and launch of this spare satellite were placed into service after its successful launch since this satellite is expected to remain as an in-orbit spare and will only be raised to its operational orbit at a future date if needed.

The Company capitalizes interest costs associated with the costs of assets in progress. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of the underlying asset and is amortized over the depreciable life of the asset after it is placed into service. As the Company’s construction in progress increases, the Company capitalizes more interest, resulting in a lower amount of net interest expense recognized under U.S. GAAP.

In general, depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows:

Space Component (Second-Generation Satellites) - 15 years from the commencement of service

Ground Component - 7 to 15 years from commencement of service

Software, Facilities & Equipment - 3 to 10 years

Buildings - 25 years

Leasehold Improvements - Shorter of lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements

The estimated useful lives of the Company's Space and Ground Components were based on estimated design life, information from the Company's engineering department and overall Company strategy for the use of these assets. The Company evaluates and revises the estimated depreciable lives assigned to property and equipment based on changes in facts and circumstances. When changes are made to estimated useful lives, the remaining carrying amounts are depreciated prospectively over the remaining useful lives.

For assets that are sold or retired, including satellites that are de-orbited and no longer providing services, the estimated cost and accumulated depreciation is removed from property and equipment.

The Company assesses the impairment of property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the recorded value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts of the assets to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows, excluding financing costs. If the asset is not recoverable, its carrying value would be adjusted down to fair value and an impairment loss would be recorded. Additionally, the Company routinely performs profitability analyses to determine if investments in certain products and/or services remain viable. In the event the Company decides not to support a product or service, or determines that an asset is not expected to generate future benefit, the asset may be abandoned and an impairment loss may be recorded on the associated assets.

Leases

The Company has operating and finance leases for facilities and equipment around the world, including corporate offices, satellite control centers, ground control centers, gateways and certain equipment.

Upon inception of a contract, the Company evaluates if the contract, or part of the contract, contains a lease. A lease conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Leases include both a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The right-of-use asset represents the Company’s right to use the underlying asset in the lease. Certain initial direct costs associated with consummating a lease are included in the initial measurement of the right-of-use asset. The right-of-use asset also includes prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. The lease liability represents the present value of the remaining lease payments discounted using the implicit rate in the lease on the lease commencement date. For leases in which the implicit rate is not readily determinable, an estimated incremental borrowing rate is used, which represents a rate of interest that the Company would pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components, if applicable.

For operating leases, the Company records lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term in either marketing, general and administrative expense or cost of services, depending on the nature of the underlying asset. For finance leases, the Company records the amortization of the right-of-use asset through depreciation, amortization and accretion expense and records the interest expense on the lease liability through interest expense, net, using the effective interest method.

Variable lease payments are payments made to a lessor due to changes in circumstances occurring after the commencement date. Variable lease payments dependent upon an index or rate are included in the measurement of the lease liability; all other variable lease payments are not included in the measurement of the lease liability and recognized when incurred. Variable lease payments excluded from the measurement of the lease liability are uncommon and, when incurred, are immaterial for the Company.

The Company’s existing leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to 17 years. Lease terms include renewal or termination options that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. For leases with a term of twelve months or less, the Company does not record a right-of-use asset and associated lease liability on its consolidated balance sheet.

The Company reviews the carrying value of its right-of-use assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the recorded value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the

carrying amounts of the assets to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows, excluding financing costs. If a right-of-use asset is not recoverable, its carrying value would be adjusted down to fair value and an impairment loss would be recorded.

Derivative Instruments

Upon inception of a contract, the Company evaluates if the contract contains a derivative instrument. The Company has financing arrangements that are hybrid instruments that contain embedded derivative features. Derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet and are measured at fair value with gains or losses recognized in earnings. The Company determines the fair value of derivative instruments based on available market data and assumptions developed by management using appropriate valuation models.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs are those costs directly incurred in issuing long-term debt or equity financing. Costs associated with obtaining long-term debt are amortized as additional interest expense over the expected term of the corresponding instrument and are recorded on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as a reduction in the carrying amount of the related debt liability. The Company classifies deferred financing costs consistent with the classification of the related debt outstanding at the end of the reporting period.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company believes it is not practicable to determine the fair value of certain of its debt agreements on a recurring basis without incurring significant additional costs. Unlike typical long-term debt, certain terms for its debt agreements cannot readily be compared to other debt instruments and their valuation generally involves a variety of factors, including due diligence by the debt holders. The 2024 Current Debt Repayment is recorded at fair value as the debt was issued at rates consistent with the market rates upon issuance.

Litigation, Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to various claims and lawsuits that arise in the ordinary course of business. Estimating liabilities and costs associated with these matters requires judgment and assessment based on professional knowledge and experience of our management and legal counsel. When a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable, a liability is recorded for the Company's best estimate. If there is a range of loss, the Company will record a reserve based on the low end of the range, unless facts and circumstances can support a different point in the range. When a loss is probable, but not reasonably estimable, disclosure is provided, as considered necessary. Reserves for potential claims or lawsuits may be relieved if the loss is no longer considered probable.

Gain/Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

Gain or loss on extinguishment of debt generally is recorded upon an extinguishment of a debt instrument or early payment of debt. Gain or loss on extinguishment of debt is calculated as the difference between the reacquisition price and net carrying amount of the debt, which includes unamortized debt financing costs, debt discount and any derivative instruments, and is recorded as an extinguishment gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue

Revenue consists primarily of revenue generated from providing satellite network access and related services utilizing the Globalstar System, satellite voice and data service revenue, revenue generated from the sale of fixed and mobile devices, and revenue from providing engineering and other communication services. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. Each type of revenue has a separate performance obligation with distinct deliverables and is therefore accounted for discretely. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer, adjusted for credits and discounts, as applicable, and is recognized when the Company satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer.

Generally, service revenue is recognized over a period of time and revenue from the sale of subscriber equipment is recognized at a point in time. The recognition of revenue for service is over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance over the contract term. The recognition of revenue for subscriber equipment is at a point in time as the risks and rewards of ownership of the hardware transfer to the customer generally upon shipment, which is when legal title of the product transfers to the customer, among other things (as discussed further below).

The Company does not record sales taxes, telecommunication taxes or other governmental fees collected from customers in revenue. The Company excludes these taxes from the measurement of contract transaction prices.

The Company receives payment from customers in accordance with billing statements or invoices for customer contracts; these payments may be in advance or arrears of services provided to the customer by the Company. Customer payments received in advance of the corresponding service period are recorded as deferred revenue.

Upon activation of a Globalstar device, subscribers are generally charged an activation fee, which is recognized over the term of the expected customer life. Credits granted to customers are expensed or charged against revenue or accounts receivable over the remaining term of the contract.

The Company issued warrants to the Customer (the "Warrants") to purchase shares of Globalstar common stock which are exercisable in accordance with the amended terms in the Updated Services Agreements; the Warrants were recorded at the estimated fair value of the consideration granted based on a Black-Scholes pricing model. The fair value of the Warrants is noncash consideration payable to a customer which represents a reduction of the transaction price and, therefore, of revenue. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, this contract asset was $43.7 million and $46.7 million, respectively, and is netted against the associated contract liability, which is recorded in short-term and long-term deferred revenue on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The value of the contract asset is amortized as a reduction to revenue over the period in which the Company commences its performance obligations through the estimated completion of the contract term, consistent with the period in which the customer benefits from the services provided. For the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company reduced revenue by $2.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively, associated with the amortization of the fair value of the noncash consideration.

Estimates related to earned but unbilled service revenue are calculated primarily using current subscriber data, including plan subscriptions and usage between the end of the billing cycle and the end of the period, or in accordance with the terms of the customer contract for satellite network access services. The recognition of service revenue related to amounts allocated to performance obligations that were satisfied (or partially satisfied) in a previous period is not material to the Company’s financial statements. Amounts related to earned but unbilled revenue from the sale of subscriber equipment are recognized if hardware is shipped prior to the invoice being generated. This situation may result from multi-deliverable contracts, whereby equipment and service revenue are bundled and billed over time to a single customer.

Provisions for estimated future warranty costs, returns and rebates are recorded as a cost of sale, or a reduction to revenue, as applicable. These costs are based on historical trends and the provision is reviewed regularly and periodically adjusted to reflect changes in estimates.

Certain contracts with customers may contain a financing component. Under ASC 606, an entity should adjust the promised amount of the consideration for the effects of time value of money if the timing of the payments agreed upon by the parties to the contract provides the customer or the entity with a significant benefit of financing for the transfer of goods or services to the customer. For certain payments associated with services provided under the Updated Services Agreements, the length of time between receipt of payment by the Customer and transfer of services by the Company was greater than one year. Accordingly, payments made by the Customer included a significant financing component. The Company accreted interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the period in which these advance payments were outstanding. The rate in which interest is computed is based on rates implicit in the Updated Services Agreements. For the Company's subscriber contracts, transactions with a significant financing component are infrequent as the time between cash collection and performance is generally less than one year.

The following describes the principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue.

Wholesale Capacity Service Revenue. The Company provides wholesale capacity services. The Company allocates the transaction price under the Updated Services Agreements to each performance obligation generally in proportion to their relative stand-alone selling prices. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligations are performed, the timing of which may involve complex judgements by management. For certain performance obligations, the Company recognizes revenue using the percentage of completion method, measured as the percentage of costs incurred to total estimated costs for such performance obligation. Although the Updated Services Agreements have no expiration date, the Company estimated its contract term based on the useful life of its existing satellite network and the expected useful life of the new satellite network under construction.

Commercial IoT Service Revenue. The Company sells Commercial IoT services as monthly or annual plans and recognizes revenue ratably over the service term or as service is used, beginning when the service is activated by the customer.

SPOT Service Revenue. The Company sells SPOT services as monthly or annual plans and recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis over the service term, beginning when the service is activated by the customer.

Duplex Service Revenue. The Company recognizes revenue for monthly access fees in the period services are rendered. The Company offers certain annual plans whereby a customer prepays for a predetermined amount of minutes and data. In these cases, revenue is recognized consistent with a customer's expected pattern of usage based on historical experience because the Company believes that this method most accurately depicts the satisfaction of the Company's obligation to the customer. This usage pattern is typically seasonal and highest in the second and third calendar quarters of the year. The Company offers other annual plans whereby the customer is charged an annual fee to access the Company’s system with an unlimited amount of usage. Annual fees for unlimited plans are recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

Equipment Revenue. Equipment revenue represents subscriber device sales, Commercial IoT and SPOT products and accessories as well as fixed and mobile user terminals. The Company recognizes revenue upon shipment provided control has transferred to the customer. Indicators of transfer of control include, but are not limited to; 1) the Company’s right to payment, 2) the customer has legal title of the equipment, 3) the Company has transferred physical possession of the equipment to the customer or carrier, and 4) the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the equipment. The Company sells equipment designed to work on its network through various channels, including through partners as well as direct to consumers or other businesses by its global sales team and through its e-commerce website. The sales channel depends primarily on the type of equipment and geographic region. Promotional rebates are offered from time to time. A reduction to revenue is recorded to reflect the lower transaction price based on an estimate of the customer take rate at the time of the sale using primarily historical data. This estimate is adjusted periodically to reflect actual rebates given to the Company’s customers. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of subscriber equipment sales.

Government and Other Service Revenue. Government and other service revenue includes revenue generated primarily from terrestrial spectrum and network solutions as well as certain governmental and engineering service contracts. The revenue associated with these engineering services is generally recorded over time as the services are rendered, and the Company's obligation to the customer is satisfied.

Multiple-Element Arrangement Contracts. At times, the Company will sell subscriber equipment through multiple-element arrangement contracts with services. When the Company sells subscriber equipment and services in bundled arrangements and determines that it has separate performance obligations, the Company allocates the bundled contract price among the various performance obligations based on relative stand-alone selling prices at contract inception of the distinct goods or services underlying each performance obligation and recognizes revenue when, or as, each performance obligation is satisfied.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense in the financial statements for both employee and non-employee share-based awards based on the grant date fair value of those awards and accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Restricted stock awards and units are valued using the stock price on the grant date. Market-based awards are valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model on the grant date.

Compensation cost associated with awards with market-based vesting conditions is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each stock price target within the grant, which is the lesser of the derived service period or the explicit service period if one is present. If the market condition is satisfied prior to the end of the requisite service period, the Company will accelerate all remaining expense to be recognized. Compensation cost associated with share-based awards with a performance condition that affects vesting is recorded if and when the performance condition is probable of achievement.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign consolidated subsidiaries is generally their local currency, except in certain scenarios, including when the subsidiary operates in a hyperinflationary economy, such as Argentina. Assets and liabilities of its foreign subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders’ equity. For 2024, 2023 and 2022, the foreign currency translation adjustments were net gains of $8.4 million, net losses of $4.2 million and net gains of $5.3 million, respectively. Foreign currency transaction gains/losses were approximately net losses of $16.6 million, net gains of $4.9 million and net losses of $6.6 million for each of 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Asset Retirement Obligation

Liabilities arising from legal obligations associated with the retirement of the Company's gateway long-lived assets are measured at fair value and recorded as a liability. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had accrued approximately $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, for asset retirement obligations. There were no new asset retirement obligations established and no significant settlements during 2024. The Company believes this estimate will be sufficient to satisfy the Company’s obligation under site leases to remove its gateway equipment and restore the lease sites to their original condition.

Warranty Expense

Warranty terms extend from 90 days on equipment accessories to one year for fixed and mobile user terminals. A provision for estimated future warranty costs is recorded as cost of sales when products are shipped. Warranty costs are based on historical trends in warranty charges as a percentage of gross product shipments.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs were $6.5 million, $1.4 million and $0.5 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During 2024 and 2023, research and development costs increased resulting from costs incurred pursuant to the SSA under the License Agreement. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred as cost of services and include primarily the cost of new product development, chip set design and other engineering work.

Income Taxes

The Company is taxed as a C corporation for U.S. tax purposes. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company recognizes the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates in income in the period that includes the enactment date; however, as the Company has a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets, there is no impact to the consolidated statements of operations and balance sheets.

The Company recognizes valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the likelihood of realization, management considers: (i) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences; (ii) future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards; (iii) taxable income in prior carry-back year(s) if carry-back is permitted under applicable tax law; and (iv) tax planning strategies.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

All components of comprehensive income (loss), including the foreign currency translation adjustment, are reported in the financial statements in the period in which they are recognized. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. For each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the change in "Accumulated other comprehensive income" resulted from foreign currency translation adjustments; no amounts were reclassified out of "Accumulated other comprehensive income" during these periods.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. In periods of net income, the numerator used to

calculate diluted EPS includes the effect of dividends attributable to preferred shareholders. Common stock equivalents are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share only when the effect of their inclusion would be dilutive. Generally, for all other potentially dilutive common shares, the effect is calculated using the treasury stock method.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. Goodwill is not amortized in accordance with the requirements of ASC 350. Goodwill is required to be allocated amongst reporting units and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. All of the Company's goodwill is assigned to Globalstar's MSS business, its only reportable segment.

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test on November 30, 2024 and determined there was no impairment as of that date. Additionally, the Company is not aware of any triggering events. The Company's goodwill impairment test is prepared using a qualitative assessment and, if necessary, a quantitative goodwill impairment test. The Company considers significant unfavorable industry or economic trends as factors in deciding when to perform an impairment test. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, it is not necessary to measure and record an impairment loss. If a goodwill impairment test is necessary, the fair value of the reporting unit, which is determined using an income approach based on the present value of discounted cash flows, is compared to its carrying value, which includes goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the difference is recognized as an impairment loss.

Intangible and Other Assets

Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization

A significant portion of the Company's intangible assets are licenses that provide the Company the exclusive right to provide MSS services over the Globalstar System or to utilize designated radio frequency spectrum to provide terrestrial wireless communication services in a particular region of the world. While licenses are issued for only a fixed time, such licenses are subject to renewal by the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") or equivalent international regulatory authorities. These license renewals are expected to occur routinely and at nominal cost. Moreover, the Company has determined that there are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful life of its wireless licenses. As a result, the Company treats the wireless licenses as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The Company re-evaluates the useful life determination for wireless licenses annually, or more frequently if needed, to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. The Company assesses these intangible assets for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. In assessing whether it is more likely than not that such an asset is impaired, the Company assesses relevant events and circumstances that could affect the significant inputs used to determine the fair value of the asset. If the Company determines that an impairment exists, any related loss is estimated based on fair values.

Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization

The Company's intangible assets that do not have indefinite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. For information related to each major class of intangible assets, including accumulated amortization and estimated average useful lives, see Note 6: Intangible and Other Assets to the Consolidated Financials. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an indicator is present, the Company would measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. If the asset is not recoverable, the undiscounted cash flows do not exceed the carrying amount and the carrying amount would be adjusted down to its fair value.

Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts

The Company capitalizes incremental costs to obtain and/or fulfill a contract to the extent it expects to recover them. For subscriber-driven contracts, these capitalized contract acquisition costs primarily include deferred subscriber acquisition costs and are amortized consistently with the pattern of transfer of the good or delivery of the service to which the asset relates. For wholesale capacity services, the Company capitalizes certain costs incurred by the Company prior to the customer benefiting from the service. If a contract terminates prior to the end of its expected life, the remaining capitalized contract costs associated with it becomes impaired and the amount is expensed.

For subscriber-driven revenue, total contract acquisition costs were $0.9 million and $1.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are recorded in "Intangible and other assets" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. These costs are amortized to marketing, general and administrative expenses over the estimated completion of the contract term, which is three years and considers anticipated contract renewals. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the amount of amortization related to contract acquisition costs was $0.6 million, $0.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

For wholesale capacity services, total costs to fulfill the customer contract associated with the Updated Services Agreements were $5.3 million and $5.7 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are recorded in "Intangible and other assets" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. These costs are amortized to cost of services and marketing, general and administrative expenses over the estimated completion of the contract term, consistent with the period in which the customer benefits from the services provided. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the amount of amortization related to costs to fulfill a contract was $0.3 million, $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Advertising Expenses

Advertising costs were $3.0 million, $2.8 million and $2.0 million for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. These costs are expensed as incurred as marketing, general and administrative expenses.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which updates qualitative and quantitative disclosures for the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively; however, retrospective application is also permitted. The Company adopted this standard when it became effective on January 1, 2025. The Company is evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its financial statement disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. This ASU requires public business entities to disclose, on an annual and interim basis, disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items. The amendments should be applied prospectively; however, retrospective application is also permitted. The Company plans to adopt this standard when it becomes effective on January 1, 2027. The Company is evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its financial statement disclosures.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides updates to qualitative and quantitative reportable segment disclosure requirements, including enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and increased interim disclosure requirements, among others. This ASU also explicitly requires public entities with a single reportable segment to provide all segment disclosures under ASC 280, including the new disclosures in this ASU. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted this ASU for its fiscal year end December 31, 2024 disclosures. For further discussion, refer to Note 16: Segment Reporting.

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions	Dec. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Transactions with Thermo Thermo is the principal owner and largest stockholder of Globalstar. The Company's Executive Chairman of the Board controls Thermo. Two other members of the Company's Board of Directors are also directors, officers or minority equity owners of various Thermo entities. Payables to Thermo related to normal purchase transactions were $0.4 million and $0.5 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Certain general and administrative expenses are incurred by Thermo on behalf of the Company. These expenses include: i) non-cash expenses, such as stock compensation costs as well as costs recorded as a contribution to capital, and ii) expenses incurred by Thermo on behalf of the Company that are charged to the Company; these charges are based on actual amounts (with no mark-up) incurred by Thermo or upon allocated employee time. Lease Agreement and Land Purchase The Company has a lease agreement with Thermo Covington, LLC for the Company's headquarters office. Annual lease payments increase at a rate of 2.5% per year. Lease payments made to Thermo were $1.6 million during 2024. The lease term is ten years and is scheduled to expire in January 2029. During each of the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred lease expense of $1.6 million under this lease agreement. During the third quarter of 2024, the Company purchased land with a value of $0.5 million from Thermo Development, Inc. This land was purchased at cost and was recorded to "Property and equipment, net" on the Company's consolidated balance. The Company plans to use the land for a gateway location. Perpetual Preferred Stock Thermo's ownership portion in the Company's Series A Preferred Stock is $136.7 million (based upon the shares' liquidation preference). Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors, cumulative cash dividends based on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock, at a fixed rate equal to 7.00% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year. During 2024, the Company made dividend payments to Thermo which were approved by the Company's Board of Directors totaling $9.7 million. Service Agreements In connection with the Service Agreements, the Customer and Thermo entered into a lock-up and right of first offer agreement that generally (i) requires Thermo to offer any shares of Globalstar common stock to the Customer before transferring them to any other Person other than affiliates of Thermo and (ii) prohibits Thermo from transferring shares of Globalstar common stock if such transfer would cause Thermo to hold less than 51.00% of the outstanding common stock of the Company for a period of five years from the launch of Services in November 2022. Certain amounts payable by the Company in connection with the 2023 Funding Agreement and certain other obligations under the Updated Services Agreements are guaranteed by Thermo. As consideration for Thermo's guarantee, the Company issued to Thermo a warrant to purchase 667,000 shares (10 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $30.00 per share (as calculated pursuant to the agreement) ($2.00 per share prior to the reverse stock split). The right to purchase 333,000 shares under the warrant (5.0 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) vested immediately upon effectiveness of Thermo's guarantee, which occurred in December 2023, and the right to purchase the remaining 333,000 shares under the warrant (5.0 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) may vest if and when Thermo advances aggregate funds of $25.0 million or more to the Company or a permitted third party pursuant to the terms of Thermo's guarantee. The warrant expires in December 2028. Upon effectiveness of Thermo's guarantee, the Company recorded the fair value of the right to purchase shares of our common stock pursuant to the warrant, which was accounted for as a credit enhancement for the guarantee and totaled $5.0 million at issuance, to additional paid-in-capital on the Company's consolidated balance sheet with an offset to "Loss on equity issuance" on the Company's consolidated statement of operations. The right to purchase the remaining 333,000 shares under the warrant, which may vest if and when Thermo advances aggregate funds of $25.0 million, was assigned a fair value of zero based on the Company's future cash flows and the low probability of the need for funding from Thermo as required under the 2023 Funding Agreement. The Company will reassess the probability of vesting at each reporting period and, if the probability of vesting increases, it will record the fair value as a liability pursuant to applicable accounting guidance. To the extent Thermo is required to advance amounts under the guarantee, the Company is required to issue shares of common stock of the Company in respect of such advance in an amount equal to the amount of such payment divided by the average of the volume weighted average price of the Company’s common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding such payment. Governance The Company has a Strategic Review Committee that is required to remain in existence for as long as Thermo and its affiliates beneficially own forty-five percent (45%) or more of Globalstar’s outstanding common stock. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Strategic Review Committee has exclusive responsibility for the oversight, review and approval of, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, any acquisition by Thermo and its affiliates of additional newly-issued securities of the Company and any transaction between the Company and Thermo and its affiliates with a value in excess of $250,000. Agreements with XCOM Labs, Inc. Dr. Paul E. Jacobs is the Chief Executive Officer of Globalstar and also serves as the Executive Chairman of Virewirx (formerly XCOM Labs) and is the controlling stockholder of Virewirx. In connection with the Company's August 2023 License Agreement with Virewirx, Globalstar issued 4.0 million shares (60.6 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) of its common stock, representing a transaction value of approximately $68.7 million, to XCOM. Of the consideration paid for the License Agreement, 1.1 million shares (16.7 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) were issued to Dr. Jacobs. The Company and XCOM have a Support Services Agreement ("SSA") pursuant to which XCOM is required to provide certain services to the Company. Fees payable by Globalstar pursuant to the SSA are based on costs incurred. In August 2023 and June 2024, Globalstar issued 0.7 million shares (10.5 million shares prior to the reverse stock split) and 0.5 million shares (7.7 million shares prior to the reverse stock split), respectively, to Virewirx as payment for costs incurred under the SSA and the release of holdback shares under the License Agreement. In June 2024, Virewirx sold 0.3 million shares (4.5 million prior to the reverse stock split) of the total shares issued in June 2024 in a private placement transaction to an affiliate of the Thermo Companies. Dr. Jacobs does not have any family relationships with any director or executive officer of the Company and has not been directly or indirectly involved in any related party transactions with the Company, except for transactions related to the License Agreement and the SSA.

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-5

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-6

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(g)(3))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(e))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/850/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-6

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

Special Purpose Entity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Schedule of Assets Related to Service Agreement

The table below includes the assets of the Globalstar SPE as of December 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	45,776
Property and equipment, net	58,917
Prepaid network costs	289,639
Intangibles and other asset, net	11,674
Total Assets	$	406,006

Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.

Property and Equipment - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 1,701,761	$ 1,634,891
Accumulated depreciation	(1,028,129)	(1,010,889)
Total property and equipment, net	673,632	624,002
Globalstar System
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,657,146	1,594,852
Space component
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,167,332	1,230,975
Space component \| Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	357,825	240,732
Ground component
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	102,717	106,757
Ground component \| Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	20,545	6,814
Other \| Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	8,727	9,574
Internally developed and purchased software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	24,309	23,310
Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	14,904	11,905
Land and buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	3,222	2,677
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 2,180	$ 2,147

Revenue - Accounts Receivable and Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	$ 26,952	$ 48,743
Short-term contract liabilities	61,201	53,677
Long-term contract liabilities	288,171	3,213
Total contract liabilities	349,372	56,890
Subscriber driven
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	14,829	14,474
Short-term contract liabilities	19,710	22,816
Long-term contract liabilities	1,431	1,632
Wholesale capacity services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	12,123	34,269
Short-term contract liabilities	41,491	30,861
Long-term contract liabilities	286,740	1,581
Total contract liabilities	$ 328,231	$ 32,442

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

Cash flows provided by operating activities:

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements	Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from estimates. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year Consolidated Financial Statements to conform to current year presentation. The Company evaluates estimates on an ongoing basis.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Globalstar and all its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidation. In connection with the Updated Services Agreements, the Company performed an analysis to determine if its special purpose entity ("SPE") is a variable interest entity ("VIE"). The Company concluded that its SPE is a variable interest entity and Globalstar is the primary beneficiary of the entity. Amounts for the Globalstar SPE are consolidated. Amounts pertaining to the non-controlling interest of the Globalstar SPE are reported as a non-current liability in the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 2: Special Purpose Entity for further discussion.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), which requires most identifiable assets, liabilities, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. Additionally, ASC 805 requires transaction-related costs to be expensed in the period incurred. The determination of fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires estimates and assumptions that can change as a result of new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. As such, the Company will make any necessary adjustments to goodwill in the period identified within one year of the acquisition date. Adjustments outside of that range are recognized currently in earnings.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash deposited in institutional money market funds, regular interest-bearing depository accounts and non-interest-bearing depository accounts are classified as cash and cash equivalents on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
Concentration of Credit Risk	Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consists primarily of highly liquid short-term investments deposited with financial institutions that are of high credit quality. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and records reserves to provide for estimated credit losses
Accounts Receivable	Accounts Receivable The Company records trade accounts receivable from its customers when it has a contractual right to receive payment either on demand or on fixed or determinable dates in the future. Receivables are recorded when the right to consideration from the customer becomes unconditional, which is generally upon billing or upon satisfaction of a performance obligation, whichever is earlier. Accounts receivable are uncollateralized, without interest, and consist of receivables from the sale of services and equipment. The Company also may act as an agent to procure goods and perform services under the Updated Services Agreements. Payment is generally due within 45 days of the invoice date for this customer. For service, payment is generally due from subscribers within thirty days of the invoice date and for equipment customers, payment is generally due within thirty to sixty days of the invoice date, or, for some customers, may be made in advance of shipment. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and impairs receivable balances by recording specific allowances for credit losses based on factors such as customer credit ratings, supportable and reasonable current trends, the length of time the receivables are past due and historical collection experience. The Company believes that historical collection experience is the most reasonable basis for predicting future performance. One type of the Company’s contract assets is customer receivables and, as such, historical delinquency percentages are generally consistent over time. The estimate of the allowance for subscriber credit losses is computed using aging schedules by type of revenue (service and subscriber equipment), by product (Commercial IoT, SPOT, Duplex and XCOM RAN) and by country. As discussed above, accounts receivable are considered past due in accordance with the contractual terms of the applicable arrangements. The Company applies a loss rate to its portfolio of subscriber trade receivables based on past-due status and records an allowance for credit losses, which represents the expected losses of those trade receivables over their estimated contractual life. The estimated life varies by service and product type. Allowances are generally recorded for all aging categories of outstanding receivables, including those in the current category. Accounts receivable balances that are determined likely to be uncollectible are included in the allowance for credit losses. After attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance. The estimate of the allowance for credit losses on wholesale capacity receivables is based primarily on customer payment history and credit rating. The Company believes that the risk of loss is extremely remote for this category of outstanding receivables.
Inventory	Inventory Inventory consists primarily of purchased products, including subscriber equipment devices, which work on the Company’s network, as well as component parts and other chips used in the manufacture of subscriber equipment devices. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Inventory write downs are evaluated at the product level and measured as the difference between the cost of inventory and the net realizable value. Write downs are recorded as a "cost of subscriber equipment sales - reduction in the value of inventory" in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Product sales and returns from the previous 12 months and future demand forecasts are reviewed and excess and obsolete inventory is written off, as applicable. The Company wrote down the value of inventory by $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily resulting from obsolete inventory for component parts that can no longer be used in production of current devices. The Company did not record any significant write downs of inventory for the year ended December 31, 2023. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company wrote down the value of inventory by $8.6 million after adjusting for changes in net realizable value resulting from the decision to no longer sell second-generation Duplex devices.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment The Globalstar System includes costs for the design, manufacture, test and launch of a constellation of low earth orbit satellites (the “Space Component”), primary and backup control centers, gateways (the “Ground Component”) and spectrum licenses. Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Costs associated with the design, manufacture, test and launch of the Company’s Space and Ground Components are capitalized and include direct costs of third party suppliers and contractors, internal personnel as well as equipment and materials. Capitalized costs associated with the Company’s Space Component, Ground Component, and other assets are tracked by fixed asset category and are allocated to each asset as it comes into service. Generally, when a satellite is incorporated into the constellation, the Company begins depreciation on the date the satellite is placed into service, which typically is the point that the satellite reaches its orbital altitude, over its estimated depreciable life. In June 2022, the Company launched an on-ground spare satellite. The costs associated with the construction and launch of this spare satellite were placed into service after its successful launch since this satellite is expected to remain as an in-orbit spare and will only be raised to its operational orbit at a future date if needed. The Company capitalizes interest costs associated with the costs of assets in progress. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of the underlying asset and is amortized over the depreciable life of the asset after it is placed into service. As the Company’s construction in progress increases, the Company capitalizes more interest, resulting in a lower amount of net interest expense recognized under U.S. GAAP. In general, depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: Space Component (Second-Generation Satellites) - 15 years from the commencement of service Ground Component - 7 to 15 years from commencement of service Software, Facilities & Equipment - 3 to 10 years Buildings - 25 years Leasehold Improvements - Shorter of lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements The estimated useful lives of the Company's Space and Ground Components were based on estimated design life, information from the Company's engineering department and overall Company strategy for the use of these assets. The Company evaluates and revises the estimated depreciable lives assigned to property and equipment based on changes in facts and circumstances. When changes are made to estimated useful lives, the remaining carrying amounts are depreciated prospectively over the remaining useful lives. For assets that are sold or retired, including satellites that are de-orbited and no longer providing services, the estimated cost and accumulated depreciation is removed from property and equipment. The Company assesses the impairment of property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the recorded value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts of the assets to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows, excluding financing costs. If the asset is not recoverable, its carrying value would be adjusted down to fair value and an impairment loss would be recorded. Additionally, the Company routinely performs profitability analyses to determine if investments in certain products and/or services remain viable. In the event the Company decides not to support a product or service, or determines that an asset is not expected to generate future benefit, the asset may be abandoned and an impairment loss may be recorded on the associated assets.
Leases	Leases The Company has operating and finance leases for facilities and equipment around the world, including corporate offices, satellite control centers, ground control centers, gateways and certain equipment. Upon inception of a contract, the Company evaluates if the contract, or part of the contract, contains a lease. A lease conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Leases include both a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The right-of-use asset represents the Company’s right to use the underlying asset in the lease. Certain initial direct costs associated with consummating a lease are included in the initial measurement of the right-of-use asset. The right-of-use asset also includes prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. The lease liability represents the present value of the remaining lease payments discounted using the implicit rate in the lease on the lease commencement date. For leases in which the implicit rate is not readily determinable, an estimated incremental borrowing rate is used, which represents a rate of interest that the Company would pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components, if applicable. For operating leases, the Company records lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term in either marketing, general and administrative expense or cost of services, depending on the nature of the underlying asset. For finance leases, the Company records the amortization of the right-of-use asset through depreciation, amortization and accretion expense and records the interest expense on the lease liability through interest expense, net, using the effective interest method. Variable lease payments are payments made to a lessor due to changes in circumstances occurring after the commencement date. Variable lease payments dependent upon an index or rate are included in the measurement of the lease liability; all other variable lease payments are not included in the measurement of the lease liability and recognized when incurred. Variable lease payments excluded from the measurement of the lease liability are uncommon and, when incurred, are immaterial for the Company. The Company’s existing leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to 17 years. Lease terms include renewal or termination options that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. For leases with a term of twelve months or less, the Company does not record a right-of-use asset and associated lease liability on its consolidated balance sheet. The Company reviews the carrying value of its right-of-use assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the recorded value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts of the assets to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows, excluding financing costs. If a right-of-use asset is not recoverable, its carrying value would be adjusted down to fair value and an impairment loss would be recorded.
Derivative Instruments	Derivative Instruments Upon inception of a contract, the Company evaluates if the contract contains a derivative instrument. The Company has financing arrangements that are hybrid instruments that contain embedded derivative features. Derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet and are measured at fair value with gains or losses recognized in earnings. The Company determines the fair value of derivative instruments based on available market data and assumptions developed by management using appropriate valuation models.
Deferred Financing Costs	Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs are those costs directly incurred in issuing long-term debt or equity financing. Costs associated with obtaining long-term debt are amortized as additional interest expense over the expected term of the corresponding instrument and are recorded on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as a reduction in the carrying amount of the related debt liability. The Company classifies deferred financing costs consistent with the classification of the related debt outstanding at the end of the reporting period.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company believes it is not practicable to determine the fair value of certain of its debt agreements on a recurring basis without incurring significant additional costs. Unlike typical long-term debt, certain terms for its debt agreements cannot readily be compared to other debt instruments and their valuation generally involves a variety of factors, including due diligence by the debt holders. The 2024 Current Debt Repayment is recorded at fair value as the debt was issued at rates consistent with the market rates upon issuance.
Litigation, Commitments and Contingencies	Litigation, Commitments and Contingencies The Company is subject to various claims and lawsuits that arise in the ordinary course of business. Estimating liabilities and costs associated with these matters requires judgment and assessment based on professional knowledge and experience of our management and legal counsel. When a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable, a liability is recorded for the Company's best estimate. If there is a range of loss, the Company will record a reserve based on the low end of the range, unless facts and circumstances can support a different point in the range. When a loss is probable, but not reasonably estimable, disclosure is provided, as considered necessary. Reserves for potential claims or lawsuits may be relieved if the loss is no longer considered probable.
Gain/Loss on Extinguishment of Debt	Gain/Loss on Extinguishment of Debt Gain or loss on extinguishment of debt generally is recorded upon an extinguishment of a debt instrument or early payment of debt. Gain or loss on extinguishment of debt is calculated as the difference between the reacquisition price and net carrying amount of the debt, which includes unamortized debt financing costs, debt discount and any derivative instruments, and is recorded as an extinguishment gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.
Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue	Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue Revenue consists primarily of revenue generated from providing satellite network access and related services utilizing the Globalstar System, satellite voice and data service revenue, revenue generated from the sale of fixed and mobile devices, and revenue from providing engineering and other communication services. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. Each type of revenue has a separate performance obligation with distinct deliverables and is therefore accounted for discretely. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer, adjusted for credits and discounts, as applicable, and is recognized when the Company satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. Generally, service revenue is recognized over a period of time and revenue from the sale of subscriber equipment is recognized at a point in time. The recognition of revenue for service is over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance over the contract term. The recognition of revenue for subscriber equipment is at a point in time as the risks and rewards of ownership of the hardware transfer to the customer generally upon shipment, which is when legal title of the product transfers to the customer, among other things (as discussed further below). The Company does not record sales taxes, telecommunication taxes or other governmental fees collected from customers in revenue. The Company excludes these taxes from the measurement of contract transaction prices. The Company receives payment from customers in accordance with billing statements or invoices for customer contracts; these payments may be in advance or arrears of services provided to the customer by the Company. Customer payments received in advance of the corresponding service period are recorded as deferred revenue. Upon activation of a Globalstar device, subscribers are generally charged an activation fee, which is recognized over the term of the expected customer life. Credits granted to customers are expensed or charged against revenue or accounts receivable over the remaining term of the contract. The Company issued warrants to the Customer (the "Warrants") to purchase shares of Globalstar common stock which are exercisable in accordance with the amended terms in the Updated Services Agreements; the Warrants were recorded at the estimated fair value of the consideration granted based on a Black-Scholes pricing model. The fair value of the Warrants is noncash consideration payable to a customer which represents a reduction of the transaction price and, therefore, of revenue. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, this contract asset was $43.7 million and $46.7 million, respectively, and is netted against the associated contract liability, which is recorded in short-term and long-term deferred revenue on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The value of the contract asset is amortized as a reduction to revenue over the period in which the Company commences its performance obligations through the estimated completion of the contract term, consistent with the period in which the customer benefits from the services provided. For the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company reduced revenue by $2.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively, associated with the amortization of the fair value of the noncash consideration. Estimates related to earned but unbilled service revenue are calculated primarily using current subscriber data, including plan subscriptions and usage between the end of the billing cycle and the end of the period, or in accordance with the terms of the customer contract for satellite network access services. The recognition of service revenue related to amounts allocated to performance obligations that were satisfied (or partially satisfied) in a previous period is not material to the Company’s financial statements. Amounts related to earned but unbilled revenue from the sale of subscriber equipment are recognized if hardware is shipped prior to the invoice being generated. This situation may result from multi-deliverable contracts, whereby equipment and service revenue are bundled and billed over time to a single customer. Provisions for estimated future warranty costs, returns and rebates are recorded as a cost of sale, or a reduction to revenue, as applicable. These costs are based on historical trends and the provision is reviewed regularly and periodically adjusted to reflect changes in estimates. Certain contracts with customers may contain a financing component. Under ASC 606, an entity should adjust the promised amount of the consideration for the effects of time value of money if the timing of the payments agreed upon by the parties to the contract provides the customer or the entity with a significant benefit of financing for the transfer of goods or services to the customer. For certain payments associated with services provided under the Updated Services Agreements, the length of time between receipt of payment by the Customer and transfer of services by the Company was greater than one year. Accordingly, payments made by the Customer included a significant financing component. The Company accreted interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the period in which these advance payments were outstanding. The rate in which interest is computed is based on rates implicit in the Updated Services Agreements. For the Company's subscriber contracts, transactions with a significant financing component are infrequent as the time between cash collection and performance is generally less than one year. The following describes the principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue. Wholesale Capacity Service Revenue. The Company provides wholesale capacity services. The Company allocates the transaction price under the Updated Services Agreements to each performance obligation generally in proportion to their relative stand-alone selling prices. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligations are performed, the timing of which may involve complex judgements by management. For certain performance obligations, the Company recognizes revenue using the percentage of completion method, measured as the percentage of costs incurred to total estimated costs for such performance obligation. Although the Updated Services Agreements have no expiration date, the Company estimated its contract term based on the useful life of its existing satellite network and the expected useful life of the new satellite network under construction. Commercial IoT Service Revenue. The Company sells Commercial IoT services as monthly or annual plans and recognizes revenue ratably over the service term or as service is used, beginning when the service is activated by the customer. SPOT Service Revenue. The Company sells SPOT services as monthly or annual plans and recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis over the service term, beginning when the service is activated by the customer. Duplex Service Revenue. The Company recognizes revenue for monthly access fees in the period services are rendered. The Company offers certain annual plans whereby a customer prepays for a predetermined amount of minutes and data. In these cases, revenue is recognized consistent with a customer's expected pattern of usage based on historical experience because the Company believes that this method most accurately depicts the satisfaction of the Company's obligation to the customer. This usage pattern is typically seasonal and highest in the second and third calendar quarters of the year. The Company offers other annual plans whereby the customer is charged an annual fee to access the Company’s system with an unlimited amount of usage. Annual fees for unlimited plans are recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term. Equipment Revenue. Equipment revenue represents subscriber device sales, Commercial IoT and SPOT products and accessories as well as fixed and mobile user terminals. The Company recognizes revenue upon shipment provided control has transferred to the customer. Indicators of transfer of control include, but are not limited to; 1) the Company’s right to payment, 2) the customer has legal title of the equipment, 3) the Company has transferred physical possession of the equipment to the customer or carrier, and 4) the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the equipment. The Company sells equipment designed to work on its network through various channels, including through partners as well as direct to consumers or other businesses by its global sales team and through its e-commerce website. The sales channel depends primarily on the type of equipment and geographic region. Promotional rebates are offered from time to time. A reduction to revenue is recorded to reflect the lower transaction price based on an estimate of the customer take rate at the time of the sale using primarily historical data. This estimate is adjusted periodically to reflect actual rebates given to the Company’s customers. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of subscriber equipment sales. Government and Other Service Revenue. Government and other service revenue includes revenue generated primarily from terrestrial spectrum and network solutions as well as certain governmental and engineering service contracts. The revenue associated with these engineering services is generally recorded over time as the services are rendered, and the Company's obligation to the customer is satisfied. Multiple-Element Arrangement Contracts. At times, the Company will sell subscriber equipment through multiple-element arrangement contracts with services. When the Company sells subscriber equipment and services in bundled arrangements and determines that it has separate performance obligations, the Company allocates the bundled contract price among the various performance obligations based on relative stand-alone selling prices at contract inception of the distinct goods or services underlying each performance obligation and recognizes revenue when, or as, each performance obligation is satisfied.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes compensation expense in the financial statements for both employee and non-employee share-based awards based on the grant date fair value of those awards and accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Restricted stock awards and units are valued using the stock price on the grant date. Market-based awards are valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model on the grant date. Compensation cost associated with awards with market-based vesting conditions is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each stock price target within the grant, which is the lesser of the derived service period or the explicit service period if one is present. If the market condition is satisfied prior to the end of the requisite service period, the Company will accelerate all remaining expense to be recognized. Compensation cost associated with share-based awards with a performance condition that affects vesting is recorded if and when the performance condition is probable of achievement.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company’s foreign consolidated subsidiaries is generally their local currency, except in certain scenarios, including when the subsidiary operates in a hyperinflationary economy, such as Argentina. Assets and liabilities of its foreign subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders’ equity.
Asset Retirement Obligation	Asset Retirement Obligation Liabilities arising from legal obligations associated with the retirement of the Company's gateway long-lived assets are measured at fair value and recorded as a liability.
Warranty Expense	Warranty Expense Warranty terms extend from 90 days on equipment accessories to one year for fixed and mobile user terminals. A provision for estimated future warranty costs is recorded as cost of sales when products are shipped. Warranty costs are based on historical trends in warranty charges as a percentage of gross product shipments.
Research and Development Expenses	Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs were $6.5 million, $1.4 million and $0.5 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During 2024 and 2023, research and development costs increased resulting from costs incurred pursuant to the SSA under the License Agreement. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred as cost of services and include primarily the cost of new product development, chip set design and other engineering work.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company is taxed as a C corporation for U.S. tax purposes. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company recognizes the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates in income in the period that includes the enactment date; however, as the Company has a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets, there is no impact to the consolidated statements of operations and balance sheets. The Company recognizes valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the likelihood of realization, management considers: (i) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences; (ii) future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards; (iii) taxable income in prior carry-back year(s) if carry-back is permitted under applicable tax law; and (iv) tax planning strategies.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Comprehensive Income (Loss) All components of comprehensive income (loss), including the foreign currency translation adjustment, are reported in the financial statements in the period in which they are recognized. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. For each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the change in "Accumulated other comprehensive income" resulted from foreign currency translation adjustments; no amounts were reclassified out of "Accumulated other comprehensive income" during these periods.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share	Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. In periods of net income, the numerator used to calculate diluted EPS includes the effect of dividends attributable to preferred shareholders. Common stock equivalents are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share only when the effect of their inclusion would be dilutive. Generally, for all other potentially dilutive common shares, the effect is calculated using the treasury stock method.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. Goodwill is not amortized in accordance with the requirements of ASC 350. Goodwill is required to be allocated amongst reporting units and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. All of the Company's goodwill is assigned to Globalstar's MSS business, its only reportable segment. Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test on November 30, 2024 and determined there was no impairment as of that date. Additionally, the Company is not aware of any triggering events. The Company's goodwill impairment test is prepared using a qualitative assessment and, if necessary, a quantitative goodwill impairment test. The Company considers significant unfavorable industry or economic trends as factors in deciding when to perform an impairment test. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, it is not necessary to measure and record an impairment loss. If a goodwill impairment test is necessary, the fair value of the reporting unit, which is determined using an income approach based on the present value of discounted cash flows, is compared to its carrying value, which includes goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the difference is recognized as an impairment loss.
Intangible and Other Assets	Intangible and Other Assets Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization A significant portion of the Company's intangible assets are licenses that provide the Company the exclusive right to provide MSS services over the Globalstar System or to utilize designated radio frequency spectrum to provide terrestrial wireless communication services in a particular region of the world. While licenses are issued for only a fixed time, such licenses are subject to renewal by the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") or equivalent international regulatory authorities. These license renewals are expected to occur routinely and at nominal cost. Moreover, the Company has determined that there are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful life of its wireless licenses. As a result, the Company treats the wireless licenses as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The Company re-evaluates the useful life determination for wireless licenses annually, or more frequently if needed, to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. The Company assesses these intangible assets for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. In assessing whether it is more likely than not that such an asset is impaired, the Company assesses relevant events and circumstances that could affect the significant inputs used to determine the fair value of the asset. If the Company determines that an impairment exists, any related loss is estimated based on fair values. Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization The Company's intangible assets that do not have indefinite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. For information related to each major class of intangible assets, including accumulated amortization and estimated average useful lives, see Note 6: Intangible and Other Assets to the Consolidated Financials. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an indicator is present, the Company would measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. If the asset is not recoverable, the undiscounted cash flows do not exceed the carrying amount and the carrying amount would be adjusted down to its fair value.
Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts	Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts The Company capitalizes incremental costs to obtain and/or fulfill a contract to the extent it expects to recover them. For subscriber-driven contracts, these capitalized contract acquisition costs primarily include deferred subscriber acquisition costs and are amortized consistently with the pattern of transfer of the good or delivery of the service to which the asset relates. For wholesale capacity services, the Company capitalizes certain costs incurred by the Company prior to the customer benefiting from the service. If a contract terminates prior to the end of its expected life, the remaining capitalized contract costs associated with it becomes impaired and the amount is expensed. For subscriber-driven revenue, total contract acquisition costs were $0.9 million and $1.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are recorded in "Intangible and other assets" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. These costs are amortized to marketing, general and administrative expenses over the estimated completion of the contract term, which is three years and considers anticipated contract renewals. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the amount of amortization related to contract acquisition costs was $0.6 million, $0.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively. For wholesale capacity services, total costs to fulfill the customer contract associated with the Updated Services Agreements were $5.3 million and $5.7 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are recorded in "Intangible and other assets" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. These costs are amortized to cost of services and marketing, general and administrative expenses over the estimated completion of the contract term, consistent with the period in which the customer benefits from the services provided.
Advertising Expenses	Advertising Expenses Advertising costs were $3.0 million, $2.8 million and $2.0 million for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. These costs are expensed as incurred as marketing, general and administrative expenses.
Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which updates qualitative and quantitative disclosures for the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively; however, retrospective application is also permitted. The Company adopted this standard when it became effective on January 1, 2025. The Company is evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its financial statement disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. This ASU requires public business entities to disclose, on an annual and interim basis, disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items. The amendments should be applied prospectively; however, retrospective application is also permitted. The Company plans to adopt this standard when it becomes effective on January 1, 2027. The Company is evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its financial statement disclosures. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides updates to qualitative and quantitative reportable segment disclosure requirements, including enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and increased interim disclosure requirements, among others. This ASU also explicitly requires public entities with a single reportable segment to provide all segment disclosures under ASC 280, including the new disclosures in this ASU. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted this ASU for its fiscal year end December 31, 2024 disclosures. For further discussion, refer to Note 16: Segment Reporting.
Derivatives, Embedded Derivatives	The fair value of each embedded derivative is marked-to-market at the end of each reporting period, or more frequently as deemed necessary, with any changes in value reported in the consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows as a non-cash operating activity. The instruments and related features embedded in the debt instruments that are required to be accounted for as derivatives are described below.
Fair Value Measurement	The Company follows the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements relating to financial and non-financial assets and liabilities, including presentation of required disclosures herein. This guidance establishes a fair value framework requiring the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets and liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows: Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

Accrued Expenses and Other Non-current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023
Accrued expenses:
Accrued compensation and benefits	$ 5,203	$ 4,307
Accrued property and other taxes	7,550	5,586
Accrued customer liabilities and deposits	3,600	4,284
Short-term lease liability	4,251	3,004
Accrued interest	0	3,942
Other accrued expenses	4,096	5,835
Total accrued expenses	24,700	26,958
Non-current liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations (Note 1)	2,903	2,951
Accrued interest (Note 7)	13,079	7,429
Deferred tax liability (Note 13)	711	329
Foreign tax contingencies	1,847	503
Customer Class B Units Redemption (Note 2)	400,000	0
Other	80	53
Total other non-current liabilities	$ 418,620	$ 11,265
2023 13% Notes
Accrued expenses:
Loan interest rate	13.00%	13.00%	13.00%

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Dec. 31, 2023

Dec. 31, 2022

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

$ (63,164)

$ (24,718)

$ (256,915)

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

88,986

88,191

93,884

Stock-based compensation expense

35,548

22,489

10,754

Reduction in the value of long-lived assets and inventory

883

363

175,079

Noncash interest and accretion expense

6,468

14,739

30,231

Noncash portion of loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt

14,008

10,194

(2,790)

Loss on equity issuance

5,010

Noncash expenses associated with SSA, net of amortization

7,671

3,070

Unrealized foreign currency loss (gain)

16,663

(4,972)

6,615

Other, net

(657)

(4,026)

470

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable

26,661

12,693

(1,009)

Inventory

2,796

(4,154)

(2,380)

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

(856)

(3,235)

952

Other assets

294

610

(183)

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

(1,378)

(3,408)

(11,371)

Payables to affiliates

(65)

133

(118)

Other non-current liabilities

3,561

(53)

(2,561)

Deferred revenue

301,773

(38,585)

23,142

Net cash provided by operating activities

439,192

74,341

63,800

Cash flows used in investing activities:

Payments for network upgrades to support the Phase 2 Service Period

(105,315)

(158,798)

(32,233)

Payments for network upgrades to support the Extended MSS Network

(131,683)

Payments of capitalized interest

(9,981)

(8,810)

Payments for network upgrades to support product development

(6,823)

(6,907)

(7,076)

Purchase of intangible assets

(6,768)

(1,097)

(643)

Net cash used in investing activities

(260,570)

(175,612)

(39,952)

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of Customer Class B units

176,189

Proceeds from issuance of Current Debt Repayment

221,625

Principal and make-whole payment of 2023 13% Notes

(234,927)

Proceeds from 2023 Funding Agreement

37,747

117,253

Principal payments of 2021 Funding Agreement

(34,600)

(12,500)

Dividends paid on Series A Preferred Stock

(10,634)

(11,942)

Proceeds from 2023 13% Notes

190,000

Payments for debt and equity issuance costs

(8,556)

(626)

Proceeds from issuance of common stock and exercise of options

1,781

(181)

919

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

157,181

125,793

(6,048)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

(1,383)

140

(22)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

334,420

24,662

17,778

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

56,744

^[1]

32,082

^[1]

14,304

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

^[1]

391,164

56,744

32,082

Cash paid for:

Interest

15,666

13,512

Income taxes

1,936

333

197

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing and investing activities:

Increase in capitalized accrued interest for network upgrades

8,113

5,603

12,164

Capitalized accretion of debt discount and amortization of prepaid financing costs

6,415

5,429

1,830

Accrued satellite construction assets

15,613

58,187

36,139

Construction in progress assets acquired through XCOM SSA

6,065

2,776

Extended MSS Network assets acquired through Globalstar SPE

223,811

Re-characterization of 2021 Funding Agreement to debt due to 2023 amendment

87,950

Fair value of the warrant issued to Thermo for the guarantee associated with the 2023 Funding Agreement

5,010

Satellite construction assets acquired through vendor financing arrangement

59,822

Principal amount of 2019 Facility Agreement converted into preferred equity

149,425

SSA

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing and investing activities:

Fair value of common stock issued

7,500

11,887

Lease Agreements

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing and investing activities:

Fair value of common stock issued

58,534

2019 Facility Agreement

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:

Principal and interest payments of the 2019 Facility Agreement

$ 0

$ (148,281)

$ (6,341)

[1]	Cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheet is equal to cash and cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows

Loss Per Share - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Numerator:
Shares of potential common stock excluded from diluted shares outstanding (in shares)	1.3	1.3	0.5
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	49.1
Reverse Stock Split
Numerator:
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	3.3
Warrants
Numerator:
Shares of potential common stock excluded from diluted shares outstanding (in shares)	5.0	5.0
Warrants \| Reverse Stock Split
Numerator:
Shares of potential common stock excluded from diluted shares outstanding (in shares)	0.3	0.3
Thermo Capital Partners LLC \| Related Party
Numerator:
Warrants outstanding (in shares)		10.0
Partnership agreement, advancement guarantee	$ 25.0	$ 25.0

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, allowance	$ 1,504	$ 2,312
Intangible and other assets, accumulated amortization	$ 7,625	$ 12,385
Series A Perpetual Preferred Stock
Preferred stock, par value (in USD per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	300,000	300,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	149,425	149,425
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	149,425	149,425
Voting Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in USD per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	143,333,334	143,333,334
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	126,424,799	125,412,979
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	126,424,799	125,412,979

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of rollforward of assets and liabilities measured at fair value

The following table presents a rollforward for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Balances at beginning of period	$	1,295	$	(122)
Issuance of embedded derivatives within the Current Debt Repayment	109,601		—
Issuance of embedded derivatives within the 2023 Funding Agreement	—		(292)
Derivative adjustment related to extinguishment of debt	—		122
Unrealized gain (loss), included in other	(2,097)		1,587
Balances at end of period	$	108,799	$	1,295

Intangible and Other Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company's intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization	$	17,070	$	—	$	17,070	$	16,929	$	—	$	16,929

Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization:
Developed technology	$	35,798	$	(5,552)	$	30,246	$	12,170	$	(8,235)	$	3,935
Regulatory authorizations	9,384		(2,073)		7,311		5,370		(1,850)		3,520
Intellectual property assets in progress	7,406		—		7,406		25,980		—		25,980
Other intangible assets in progress	23,172		—		23,172		10,289		—		10,289
	$	75,760	$	(7,625)	$	68,135	$	53,809	$	(10,085)	$	43,724

Total	$	92,830	$	(7,625)	$	85,205	$	70,738	$	(10,085)	$	60,653

Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets, future amortization expense

Excluding the effects of any acquisitions, dispositions or write-downs subsequent to December 31, 2024, total estimated annual amortization of intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):


2025	$	4,614
2026	4,565
2027	4,500
2028	3,995
2029	3,744
Thereafter	16,139
Total	$	37,557

Schedule of other assets

Other assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2024		2023
Costs to obtain and fulfill a contract (Note 1)	$	6,271	$	6,886
Long-term accounts receivable	3,517		5,094
International tax receivables (Note 13)	6,666		2,791
Other long-term assets	3,774		3,703
Total other assets	$	20,228	$	18,474

Special Purpose Entity - Schedule of Assets of Joint Ventures (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 391,164	$ 56,744
Property and equipment, net	673,632	624,002
Prepaid network costs	312,342	12,443
Intangibles and other assets, net	136,058	109,752
Total assets	1,710,237	$ 924,309
Globalstar SPE
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	45,776
Property and equipment, net	58,917
Prepaid network costs	289,639
Intangibles and other assets, net	11,674
Total assets	$ 406,006

Amount of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 48
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 49
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-49

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 270
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (ee)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (bb)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 25
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 830
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-12

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(8))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7

Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30

Reference 30: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1

Stock Compensation - Market-Based Restricted Stock Units (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)	Sep. 25, 2023 $ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-Free Interest Rate	4.04%
Stock Price Volatility	65.00%
Market Price of Common Stock (in dollars per share)	$ 15.90

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 35
-Paragraph 1D
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-1D

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 35
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-3

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(01)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(03)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(04)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)(ii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(03)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (e)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (e)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(v)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2